The History of Cell Biology Section 4-1

Name: Date: July 07, 2022 Class: SECTIO N 4- 1 REVIEW THE HISTORY OF CELL BIOLOGY VOCABULARY REVIEW Define the following terms. 1. Cell - the smallest unit that can sustain life on its own and makes up all living things, including the body's tissues. 2. cell theory - a sc ie ntif ic the ory tha t cl aim s a ll ce lls o ri gina te fro m p re vio usly e xis ting cell s, a re fo rm ed u p o f p re -e xi st ing cel ls, a nd s erve a s t he f unda me nta l s tru ctu ra l an d orga niz atio na l un it o f all l ivi ng thi ng s. MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank. C 1. One early piece of evidence supporting the cell theory was the observation that a. only plants are composed of cells. b. only animals are composed of cells. c. cells come from other cells. d. animal cells come from plant cells. A 2. The scientist who described cells as “many little boxes” was a. Robert Hooke. b. Anton van Leeuwenhoek. c. Theodor Schwann. d. Rudolf Virchow. C 3. Living and nonliving things are different in that only a. nonliving things are made of cells. b. nonliving things are made of atoms. c. living things are made of cells. d. living things are made of atoms. B 4. Microscopes were used to study cells beginning in the a. 16th century. b. 17th century. c. 18th century. d. 19th century. D 5. The advantage of van Leeuwenhoek’s microscopes was that a. they were simple. b. they had two lenses. c. the lenses could be moved. d. the lenses were ground very precisely. D 6. Which of the following was a major event in the history of cell biology? a. cloning animals b. growing bone tissue for transplant c. discovery of cell parts d. All of the above A 7. A light microscope uses optical lenses to magnify objects by a. bending light rays. b. bending electron beams. c. reflecting beams of light. d. reflecting beams of electrons. Modern Biology Study Guide 19 Name Class Date SHORT ANSWER Answer the questions in the space provided. 1. State the three parts of the cell theory. All living things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic units of structure and function for living things. All cells come from pre-existing cells. 2. Why did it take 150 years for the cell theory to be developed after microscopes were invented? The three observations were integrated to build a fundamental theory about the cellular nature of life when biologists started to arrange information about cells into a cohesive understanding. 3. Why did Hooke’s cork cells appear to be empty? Hooke discovered cork cells, which were the leftovers of defunct plant cells. The contents of the cells had either been lost or destroyed. 4. Critical Thinking If you read that a new organism had been discovered, what would you know about the organism without examining it in terms of cells? You would be able to tell that it was formed of cells since cells divide to create more cells. STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS Use the figure to answer the following questions. Timeline—History of Cell Biology Robert Hooke observes cork cells. Rudolf Virchow adds to the cell theory. 1827 1665 Camillo Golgi discovers the Golgi apparatus in cells. 1857 1855 Karl Von Baer discovers the mammalian egg. Tissue engineering used to grow new skin and bone for transplant. 1996 1897 Kolliker describes mitochondria in muscle. 2004 Researchers in Scotland clone a sheep from an adult sheep cell. 1. Approximately how many years elapsed between the time cells were discovered and the observation of cell parts in muscle cells? 192-200 years 2. When was the third part of the cell theory added? What was the time interval between this event and the discovery of cells? 1855.190 years 20 Section 4-1 Review