University:
Eastern Kentucky University
Course:
BIO 319 | General Zoology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

344

Pages:

5
Author:

customer-8562084

L4 Where Does Animal Behavior Come from Part 3 Ontogeny and control belong to the proximal causation Phylogeny and function belong to the ultimate causation 1. Selection 2. Observation 3. Explanation of the behavior a. Proximal causation/ control: mechanism and organization, sex, conditions, when, who b. Development/ontogeny: how is it formed over the life of the organism? Genes and experience c. Function: behavioral pattern → how it increases the chances of survival e.g. songbirds (male) Great tit → does it exclude rivals? 1st top → record of males singing 2nd right → flute music 8to see if they’re reacting to sound only) 3rd bottom → no sound Enter first in control areas → less animals too Does singing attract females? Removed females →singing when females are close by so they approach →don’t spend energy in singing if there are no females around → stimulates female egg-laying Reg winged blackbird: number of displays of posture → SINGING can have both advantages and disadvantages (the former must surpass the latter in order to be favored by selection) - Reproductive success: number of fertile offspring produced by an individual → also by chance too (e.g. volcano nearby, erupts, everyone dies) Fitness. Likelihood of an allele to be represented in the gene pool, of the next generation → not random effect though d. Understanding the EVOLUTION of behavioral patter → phylogeny, ancestral selection pressures encouraging this behavior (e.g. through a cladogram) ▪ You can always compare species, to see differences and similarities ▪ E.g. beaks of Galapagos (courtship behavior super fixed, can be very useful) →similar: closer related, different: further apart First approach: all singing birds, other species lost trait Other approach: singing appeared 3 times independently in evolution Also look at environment: similarities and differences What determines the size of a bird flock? Time feeding, fighting and vigilance 2nd: temperature up 3rd: more predators - Making comparative studies

L4 Where Does Animal Behavior Come from Part 3

Related Documents

Recommended Documents

Description

Related Documents

Almost There!

Free up your schedule!

Take 5 seconds to unlock