World History Mid Term Notes

World History Mid term notes  Read the following passage from a book that David Livingstone wrote about his travels in central Africa. "The country is becoming very beautiful, and furrowed [lined] by deep valleys; the underlying rocks, being igneous, have yielded [given] fertile soil. There is great abundance of large game [animals to hunt]. . . . We crossed the Mbai [River] and found in its bed rocks of pink marble. Some little hills near it are capped by marble of beautiful whiteness." o Which best summarizes Livingstone's description of Africa?  There are abundant natural resources in Africa.   Resistance to British rule in southern Africa was led by the Zulus. What part did Henry Stanley and David Livingstone play in the European colonization of Africa? o They wrote books that interested Europeans who wanted to colonize Africa. The two European countries with the most colonies in Africa were France and Great Britain. o Which of the following words best describes Africa? continent  Look at this famous political cartoon of Cecil Rhodes, standing over Africa. o Which of the following best describes the message conveyed by this cartoon?  Europeans are powerful enough to subdue an entire continent.  When Europeans first began to explore Africa, what did they find? a great diversity of cultures  The name of Africa's longest river is the Nile  List three characteristics of China? o 1.) It had foreign spheres of influence. o 2.) It failed to institute reforms. o 3.) It avoided modernization.  Japan felt disrespected by the Treaty of Portsmouth provisions, because it did not get to keep all its gained territory.  What was Commodore Perry's significant contribution to the beginning of Japan's transformation? He opened Japan to the West.  How was Japan easily able to defeat China in the Sino-Japanese War? Japan's military was better trained and equipped.  Something China and Japan have in common is they have a history of strong cultural traditions.  How would a government legally take control of another territory to add it to its own? Annex it.  How did Japan become the most powerful nation in Asia? o Japan adopted Western military technologies and training methods.  Because Japan felt disrespected by the provisions of the Treaty of Portsmouth, it would most likely lead Japan to lack of trust in the US and future negotiations with it.   The image depicts the end of the Sino-Japanese War. What does this image best depict regarding the end of the Sino-Japanese War? the different paths of China and Japan: traditional versus military dress  Which is a true statement about the Treaty of Kanagawa? It was an unequal treaty that favored the US.  What started the Russo-Japanese War? Japan launched a surprise attack on the city of Port Arthur in Russia.  The tsar was quick to agree to negotiate a peace treaty to end the Russo-Japanese War mainly because Russia was fighting a strong military from afar.  What does this image best depict regarding the end of the Sino-Japanese War? the different paths of China and Japan: traditional versus military dress  Until the mid-1800s, Japan was ruled by the Tokugawa Shogunate. What were the characteristics of Japan under its rule? Select all that apply. o It was stable, with a rigid class structure. o It had an agriculturally based economy. o It was isolationist. o It was behind the West in technology.  Which similar challenge did China and Japan face following the Sino-Japanese War? Their isolation left them far behind Europe.  The Meiji Era changed Japanese society by modernizing the armed forces, investing in factories, and establishing universal education.  Which nation was especially worried about Japan's victory in the Sino-Japanese War? Russia  The weakening of the Tokugawa Shogunate allowed nationalist groups to demand a change in government.  In which ways did the Meiji Restoration modernize Japanese government and society? Select all that apply. o It appointed the emperor as head of the government o It abolished feudalism and the samurai. o t created a constitutional monarchy.  China was divided into areas of foreign economic control which were known as spheres of influence.  Who did John Hay negotiate with to establish the Open Door policy? o China and the countries with spheres of influence  Many Chinese were not happy about the increasing Western influence so they up in the Boxer Rebellion.  What did China agree to do once the Treaty of Nanjing was signed? Check all that apply. o create a "fair and reasonable" tariff o allow Britain to trade at five ports o surrender the territory of Hong Kong   The group of Chinese peasants who resented foreign influence were called the boxers Which country had the second largest sphere of influence in China? britian  What product did Britain continue to export despite objections by the Chinese government? opium  What was the most significant result of the Opium Wars? o They increased Britain's influence in China. rose