University:
High School
Course:
High School Psychology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

253

Pages:

1
Author:

Estrella Maxwell

Module 38: Hunger Motivation Al Washburn discovered that every time he felt a pang of hunger, his stomach was mightily contracting. Glucose: form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides a major source for body tissue energy. Low glucose: hunger Appetite hormones: Insulin: controls blood glucose, PANCREAS Ghrelin: sends "I'm hungry" signals to the brain; EMPTY STOMACH Orexin: hunger-triggering hormone, HYPOTHALAMUS Leptin: Protein hormone; FAT CELLS PYY: sends "I'm not hungry" signals to the brain, DIGESTIVE TRACT Set Point: the point at which the body's weight thermostat is set. When the body falls below this weight, hunger increases and metabolism decreases. Basal metabolic rate: resting rate of energy output 38-2: Cultural and Social Factors of Hunger Our preferences for sweet, fatty tastes are genetic & universal. We avoid unfamiliar foods Ecology of eating: situations control our eating Eating more when eating with others Portion sizes Hunger reflects our memory of when we last ate & when we should eat again 38-3: Obesity Factors Obesity has been associated with lower psychological well-being & increased risk of depression. Obesity increases risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, gallstones, arthritis & some cancers. When someone is overweight, their set point drops below usual; their hunger increases & metabolism decreases. Genes can influence body weight. Suffering from sleep loss made them more vulnerable to obesity. Sleep deprivation: rising levels of ghrelin & falling levels of leptin. Social influence: obese friends were more likely to become obese. Less moving & more eating is common. To lose weight: Reduce portion sizes Be motivated & disciplined Exercise Get enough sleep Eat slowly Minimize exposure to food temptations Limit variety, eat healthy 3 meals Lifelong habit change