University:
Johns Hopkins University
Course:
ME.250 | Medicine
Academic year:

2021
Views:

268

Pages:

13
Author:

esfredint7qo

)Hypertension( What Is Blood Pressure? & Why Blood Pressure Calls Silent Killer? What Is Blood Pressure? Blood pressure: is the force of blood against the walls of arteries. Top number (systolic) -measures the force of blood on arteries when the heart beats 120/80 Bottom number (diastolic) -measures force of blood on arteries between beats Hypertension is generally defined as a blood pressure reading greater than 140 over 90 Why blood pressure calls silent killer? •It is especially dangerous because it often has no warning signs or symptoms. • Regardless of race, age, or gender, anyone can develop high blood pressure. Blood Pressure Classifications Category Systolic BP Diastolic BP Goal ‹ 120 ‹ 80 Normal ‹ 130 ‹ 85 High Normal 130-139 85-89 Stage 1 Hypertension 140-159 90-99 Stage 2 Hypertension 160-179 100-109 Stage 3 Hypertension ≥ 180 ≥ 110 Effects of High Blood Pressure on Your Body •Hardening of the arteries •Stroke •Heart attack •Kidney damage •Blindness .Cont Arteries As people get older, arteries throughout the body "harden," especially those in the heart, brain, and kidneys. High blood pressure is associated with these "stiffer" arteries. This, in turn, causes the .heart and kidneys to work harder Stroke High blood pressure is the most important risk factor for stroke. Very high pressure can cause a break in a weakened blood vessel, which then bleeds in the brain. This can cause a stroke. If a blood clot blocks one of the narrowed arteries, it can also cause a stroke. Kidney Damage The kidneys act as filters to rid the body of wastes. Over time, high blood pressure can narrow and thicken the blood vessels of the kidneys. The kidneys filter less fluid, and waste builds up in the blood. The kidneys may fail altogether. When this happens, medical .treatment or a kidney transplant may be need Blindness Or Impaired Vision High blood pressure can eventually cause blood vessels in the eye to burst or bleed. Vision may become blurred or otherwise impaired and can result in blindness. What causes High Blood Pressure?  Usually unknown.  Narrowing of the arteries.  Fast heart rate.  Kidney disease.  Medications. Who Gets High Blood Pressure? • African Americans ( blacks) more than (whites). • People who: – are older ( between 35 & 50 ). – are overweight ( more than 10 % ). – have high blood pressure in the family. – Great deal of stress in life. – Smokers – Obese individuals Controlling Your Blood Pressure • Lifestyle Changes – Don’t smoke – Limit alcohol – Manage stress – Healthy eating plan -Limit Sodium and Salt – Achieve a healthy weight – Exercise/physical activity Points to Remember Lifestyle changes that can prevent and control high blood pressure include: Healthy eating - emphasizing fruits, vegetables and low-fat dairy foods. Choosing and preparing foods with less salt and sodium. Losing weight if overweight. Increasing physical activity.