University:
Kentucky State University
Course:
BIO 301 | Human Anatomy
Academic year:

2019
Views:

493

Pages:

65
Author:

Nesbyenvkk

Skull-1 Norma Frontalis, Lateralis, Occipitalis and Verticalis The Skull - The skull is composed of several separate bones (22 bones) united at immobile joints called sutures. -The connective tissue between the bones is called a sutural ligament Only one moveable bone, the mandible which is united to the skull by the mobile Temporomandibular Joint Cranial bones The bones of the skull can be divided into 1- Cranial bones (Neurocranium) 2- Facial bones (Viscerocranium) Facial bones 1: Vault / skull cap/ calvaria 2: Base of the skull Cranial bones Facial bones The cranial bones consists: Frontal bone: 1 Parietal bones: 2 Occipital bone: 1 Temporal bones: 2 Sphenoid bone: 1 Ethmoid bone: 1 The facial bones consist of : Zygomatic bones: 2 Maxillae: 2 Nasal bones: 2 Lacrimal bones: 2 Vomer: 1 Palatine bones: 2 Inferior conchae: 2 Mandible: 1 Norma frontalis It is the anterior view of the skull Norma lateralis It is the lateral view of the skull Norma occipitalis It is the posterior view of the skull Norma verticalis It is the superior view of the skull Skull vault Skull base Norma basalis interna Base of the skull- Superior view Norma basalis externa Base of the skull- Inferior view Norma Frontalis Upper part: Forehead; made of the frontal bone Middle part: contains 3 cavities; 2 orbital & 1 nasal Lower part: formed by the upper & lower jaws Frontal bone Nasal bone Maxilla Zygomatic bone (cheek bone) Mandible Parietal bone Temporal bone Sphenoid Ethmoid Vomer bone Norma lateralis It is the lateral view of the skull Frontal bone Parietal bone Occipital bone Temporal bone Sphenoid (Greater wing) Zygomatic bone Nasal bone Maxilla Mandible Norma Verticalis It is the superior view of the cranium The frontal bone articulates with the two parietal bones at the coronal suture The parietal bones articulate with the occipital bone at the lambdoid suture The two parietal bones articulate in the midline at the sagittal suture The junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures is the bregma Anterior fontanel Posterior fontanel Parietal foramen The junction of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures is the Lambda Sagittal suture Lambdoid suture occipital bone Norma occipitalis In the midline of the occipital bone is a roughened elevation called External occipital protuberance External occipital crest On either side of the protuberance the superior nuchal lines extend laterally Inferior nuchal line Highest nuchal line The external occipital protuberance gives attachment to muscles and the ligamentum nuchae Ligamentum nuchae extends from the external occipital protuberance to the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra Frontal bone Frontal eminence: the most prominent areas on either side of the forehead Superciliary arches (brow ridges): Elevated ridges above the sup. orbital margins Supraorbital notch, or foramen: transmits the supraorbital nerve & vessels Glabella: a slightly elevated area above the root of the nose between the 2 superciliary arches Nasion: a point where the frontonasal & internasal sutures meet Maxilla The Maxilla has: Frontal process: articulates with frontal bone Zygomatic process: articulates with zygomatic bone Alveolar process: the bony ridge that contains the tooth sockets for holding teeth Orbital plate: forms of the floor of the orbit Palatine process: forms the anterior part of hard palate Anterior nasal spine Palatine process of maxilla Infraorbital foramen: transmits the infraorbital nerve & vessels Zygomatic bone The zygomatic bone has: Frontal process: articulates with frontal bone Temporal process: articulates with zygomatic process of the temporal bone to form the zygomatic arch Maxillary process: articulates with the maxillary bone Orbital plate: forms part of the lateral wall of the orbit The zygomatic bone is perforated by two foramina: Zygomaticotemporal foramen Zygomaticofacial foramen Look in here on a real skull to find zygomaticotemporal foramen Zygomaticofacial foramen transmits Zygomaticofacial nerve and vessels Temporal bone Squamous part Tympanic part Mastoid process Styloid process Zygomatic process Petrous part Squamous part Styloid process Mastoid process Tympanic part of temporal bone External acoustic meatus Temporal bone Articular tubercle Mandibular fossa Squamous part Petrous part The zygomatic process of temporal bone articulates with the temporal process of the zygomatic bone to form the zygomatic arch Temporal Zygomatic Superior and inferior temporal lines: - The superior temporal line gives attachment for the temporal fascia - The inferior temporal line is for the attachment of temporalis muscle Temporalis The temporal fossa lies below the inferior temporal line The zygomatic arch divides the lateral side of the Skull into The temporal fossa & The infratemporal fossa The infratemporal fossa lies deep to the ramus of the mandible below the zygomatic arch Infra-temporal fossa Parieto-temporal suture (squamous suture) Sphenoparietal suture Pterion: is an area located on the floor of the temporal fossa where 4 bones meet at an Hshaped structure 1- Frontal 2- Parietal 3-Squamous part of temporal bone 4-Greater wing of sphenoid The pterion is the thinnest part of the lateral wall of the skull. It overlies the anterior division of the middle meningeal artery and vein Epidural bleeding 1 4 2 3

Skull-1

Related Documents

Recommended Documents

Description

Related Documents

Free up your schedule!

Take 5 seconds to unlock