University:
Liberty University
Course:
BIOM 500 | Introduction to Biomedical Sciences
Academic year:

2024
Views:

214

Pages:

8
Author:

Sheha A.

**Guide and Rules of First Aid** * Quick and Careful examination of the site of injury. * Do not move the patient unless absolutely necessary. * First Aid should be done, carefully, patiently and quickly. * Reach the site of accident. * Do not panic at the sight of blood. * Reassure the victim. * Check the consciousness of the victim. * First view of all clothes, the cut clothes so that the secretions may not be spread. * Lay down the victim to one side so that the secretions may not be inhaled. * If the breathing is stopped, one can give artificial respiration. * First aid should be given quickly. * The conscious victim should be given fluids to maintain electrolyte balance. * Prevention and management of shock is very essential. * Keep the unconscious patient's head raised and the body warm. * Keep the patient warm and comfortable as much as possible. * Assess the patient if there is no spinal cord injury. * If spinal cord injury is suspected, keep the victim still and people calm. * If possible, the patient should be transported comfortably. * First aid should be available besides the patient. * A piece of cloth can be used to stop bleeding. * The victim should be comforted to calm them down. * Keep the details of the patient at a safe place. * Cover the body parts of the patient if exposed. * Avoid giving the patient any food or drink except water. * Don't allow the crowd to come near the victim except the doctor. **Qualifications** * Should be a good observer * Should be able to act quickly * Should not get panic or frightened * Should have the ability of deciding on the spot and take help from others * Should have self-confidence & ability to take decisions * Should be able to assess the seriousness of the situation and take appropriate action * Should be able to reassure the victim & avoid panicking or overreacting **Concept of Emergency** The most important basic concept in emergency medicine is traditionally memorized by the mnemonic ABCDE which stands for: 1. **Airway** 2. **Breathing** 3. **Circulation** 4. **Disability** 5. **Exposure** * **Airway:** Patient has an open airway, is conscious & alert, or has a gag reflex. * **Breathing:** Patient has normal skin color & adequate respiratory effort. * **Circulation:** Patient has no uncontrolled bleeding, stable vitals. * **Disability:** Specific injuries can be assessed. * **Exposure:** Patient can be exposed to assess specific injuries. **First Aid** 1. **Basic Life Support** * Controlling bleeding * Treating shock * Broken bones * Unconsciousness * Choking * Burns * Drowning * Poisoning 2. **Other Basic Care** * Minor cuts * Sprains * Strains * Insect bites * Minor burns 3. **Compounding Processes** * To stop bleeding * Immobilize broken bones * Dress wounds appropriately, when in doubt, call a doctor or ambulance. * First aid for heatstroke, hypothermia, injuries, etc. **Specific Cases of Emergencies** * **Personal Safety** * **Serious Injuries** * **Patient Comfort** * **Patient Care** * **Illnesses** * **Injuries** * **Patient Condition** * **Presence of Happiness, Shyness** * **Goodwill** * **Good communication skills** * **Emotional Stability** * **Able to handle stress** * **Able to lead**