University:
Liberty University
Course:
BIOM 500 | Introduction to Biomedical Sciences
Academic year:

2024
Views:

82

Pages:

6
Author:

Jabin F.

ANEURYSM An aneurysm is a distension of an artery brought by a weak or local destruction of the arterial wall. It is an abnormal bulge or bulging in the wall of an artery. An aneurysm is a balloon like bulge in an artery. Types of aneurysm Aortic aneurysm:- these are 2 types of aortic aneurysm Abdominal aortic aneurysm Thoracic aortic aneurysm Cerebral aneurysm occurs in an artery in the brain. Peripheral aneurysm. Aortic aneurysm Abdominal aortic aneurysm An aneurysm that occurs in the abdominal part of the aorta is called an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Not aortic aneurysm. Thoracic aortic aneurysm An aneurysm in that extends occurs in the chest portion of the aorta is called a thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Cerebral aneurysms Aneurysms in the arteries of the brain are called cerebral aneurysm or brain aneurysms. Brain aneurysms also are called berry aneurysm because they are often the size of a small berry. Peripheral aneurysm Aneurysm that occurs in the arteries other than the aorta and the brain arteries are called peripheral aneurysm. Common locations for peripheral aneurysm include in the popliteal, femoral, and carotid artery. Classification according to shape Fusiform aneurysm: It is a diffuse dilation that involves the entire circumference of the arterial segment. Saccular aneurysm: It is a distension of a vessel projecting in one side. Dissecting aneurysm: Hemorrhage separating the layers of an arterial wall. Classification according to causes True aneurysm: It is a result of the show weakness of the arterial wall caused by long term diseases such as HTN, atherosclerosis. False aneurysm: Pseudo aneurysm is caused by traumatic break in the arterial wall. Pathophysiology Due to various etiological factors ↓ Weakening & degeneration of a blood vessel wall ↓ accelerate the expansion of aneurysm ↓ Increased wall tension ↓ Further weakening of the vessel wall ↓ If not treated rupture. Causes Abdominal aortic aneurysm causes Atherosclerosis Smoking Hypertension Vasculitis (Infection in the aorta) Cocaine use Genetic factors. Thoracic aortic aneurysm causes Causes are the same as with aortic