University:
Liberty University
Course:
BIOM 500 | Introduction to Biomedical Sciences
Academic year:

2024
Views:

51

Pages:

5
Author:

Sheha A.

Routine in Liver Disease The activities of 2 enzymes i.e. SGOT (Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase) also called AST (Aspartate Transaminase) and SGPT (Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase) also called ALT (Alanine Transaminase) are accessed. These are wide spread enzymes. ALT is a cytoplasmic enzyme while AST is located both in cytoplasm and mitochondria. The activities of these enzymes is low in normal serum. Normal value: SGOT: 5-45 IU/L SGPT: 5-40 IU/L Serum enzymes change level in liver disease. Serum ALT level is more sensitive and specific for the assessment of LFT. Estimation of LFT: Estimation of serum aminotransferases (SGOT and SGPT) Oxaloacetate and Aspartate Oxaloacetate and aspartate to α-ketoglutarate and glutamate respectively by amino transferase. The oxaloacetate - α-ketoglutarate is coupled with 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine to give a colored complex. Absorbance in alkaline solution is measured at 540 nm. Estimation of Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) ALT catalyzes the conversion of α-ketoglutarate and alanine to pyruvate and glutamate respectively. Pyruvate reacts with 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine to produce a colored complex. Absorbance in alkaline solution is measured at 505 nm. Estimation of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) ALP is measured by alkaline p-nitrophenyl phosphate. The level of serum ALP in males and females is 30-90 IU/L and 40-130 IU/L, respectively. A rise in serum ALP correlates with elevated serum bilirubin as an indicator of bile obstruction (obstructive (post-hepatic) jaundice) ALP is also elevated in cirrhosis of liver and hepatic tumors. The liver is not the sole source of ALP, its measurement has to be assessed before considering any conclusion. The liver and bone isoenzymes of ALP can be separated by electrophoresis.