University:
Liberty University
Course:
BIOM 500 | Introduction to Biomedical Sciences
Academic year:

2024
Views:

47

Pages:

5
Author:

Sheha A.

Shock What is shock? Shock is a life-threatening condition that develops when the body's blood pressure drops, often as a result of severe illness, injury, or allergic reaction. Normal BP: * 120/80 mm Hg Pulse: * 60-100 beats/min Symptoms: Rapid, weak pulse Pale, cool skin Low blood pressure Rapid breathing Anxiety, restlessness Confusion Loss of consciousness Pathophysiology of Shock: Poor tissue perfusion Low cardiac output Decreased tissue oxygenation Dysfunction of vital organs (like kidneys, liver, muscles) Types: Hypovolemic shock Cardiogenic shock Septic shock Anaphylactic shock Hypovolemic shock Due to decreased circulation of blood volume. Loss of blood volume drops blood pressure. Causes: Bleeding Dehydration Cardiogenic shock Pump failure, reduced loss of functional myocardium. The heart fails to pump the blood out. Causes: Myocardial infarction Blunt cardiac injuries Septic shock The septic shock occurs due to infection affecting whole body, leading to low blood pressure. Bacteria, fungi, and some viruses cause septic shock. Causes: Infection Neurogenic shock It occurs from damage of nervous system. It is commonly associated with spinal cord injury. Causes: Emotional stress Loss of blood (Internal bleeding) Dehydration (fasting, profuse sweating) Little sleep Fever If the shock is caused by internal bleeding, do not raise the feet. If a person feels cold, cover him with a blanket. If he is conscious, give him normal water. In case of pain, give a pain killer analgesic injection like dolofenac. Keep calm surroundings. If the patient is unconscious: Do not give oral fluids. Clean the mouth. Give artificial respiration. Give oxygen through oxygen mask. Give the patient health education to the patient and his family with a prescription to take the medication as per doctor's advice. To the patient and his family: Explain the side effects of the medication to the patient and his family.