University:
Liberty University
Course:
BIOM 500 | Introduction to Biomedical Sciences
Academic year:

2024
Views:

383

Pages:

5
Author:

Sheha A.

Classification of amino acids The 20 primary protein amino acids can be classified on several basis: 1. Based on chemical structure 2. Based on the charge 3. Based on the metabolic fate 4. Based on the nutritional requirement Divine acid classification based on their metabolic fate The carbon skeleton of amino acids can serve as a precursor for the synthesis of glucose (glycogenic) or fat (ketogenic) or both. There are three groups: 1. Glycogenic amino acids: These amino acids can serve as precursor for the formation of glucose or glycogen. Eg: Alanine, Aspartate, Glycine, Methionine etc. * Ketogenic amino acids: * Fat can be synthesized from these amino acids. * Two amino acids leucine and lysine are ketogenic amino acids. * Glycogenic and ketogenic amino acids: * These are the precursors for the synthesis of glucose as well as fat. * Eg: Isoleucine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan and Tyrosine * Based on the nutritional requirements * Amino acids are grouped into two classes: 1. Essential or indispensable amino acids 2. Non-essential or dispensable amino acids Essential amino acids: * The amino acids which can not be synthesized by the body and hence need to be supplied through the diet. * They are required for the proper growth and maintenance of the individual. * These can nine amino acids valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, tryptophan, threonine and methionine. Importance of essential amino acids: * Impair the protein synthesis and levels of nitrogenous nitrogen balance. * When the protein lacks essential amino acids * They do not promote proper growth and maintenance of the body