University:
Liberty University
Course:
BIOM 500 | Introduction to Biomedical Sciences
Academic year:

2024
Views:

427

Pages:

7
Author:

Sheha A.

**Management of Diabetes** 1. **Diet:** * Diet is a vital part of diabetes management. * It should be well-balanced, with a low glycemic index. * Include complex carbohydrates like whole grains, vegetables, and fruits. * Low carbohydrate, low-fat diet. * Regular meals and snacks. * Avoid sugary drinks and processed foods. * A well-planned diet can help in controlling blood sugar levels. 2. **Oral Hypoglycemic Agents:** * These are pills that help in controlling blood sugar levels. * They are suitable for type 2 diabetes patients. * Examples: Metformin, Sulfonylureas, etc. 3. **Insulin Injections:** * Insulin is the drug of choice in type 1 diabetes and some type 2 diabetes. * It is also useful in critical care situations. * Different types of insulin are available, each with its own duration of action. * Insulin injections require careful monitoring of blood sugar levels. Metabolic Changes in Diabetes Loss of Body Weight: In diabetes, since the body cells cannot utilize glucose, they start using proteins and fats as an alternate source of energy. Loss of proteins leads to muscle wasting and loss of body weight. Loss of fats leads to the formation of ketone bodies. Ketoacidosis: In the absence of insulin, the lipolysis is increased, since cells cannot utilize glucose, the triglycerides in adipose tissue are broken down to form fatty acids. These fatty acids cannot enter the TCA cycle and are converted to ketone bodies. Excessive ketone bodies accumulation in the blood leads to the formation of ketoacidosis. Ketoacidosis is known as diabetic ketoacidosis.