Respiratory Concept

Respiratory Concept The need for oxygenation is a basic human need that is used for survival metabolism of body cells for individuals and to maintain life and activity various organs or cells. The Respiratory System Plays a Role in the Need for Oxygenation Nose: is the base of the nasal cavity where the oxygenation process begins air entering through the nose. The oxygenation system is divided into 2: -Upper respiratory tract -Lower respiratory tract Pharynx : Connected to the buccal cavity. Larynx : The place where the vocal cords are located is the respiratory tract after the pharynx. Epiglottis : This is a cartilaginous valve that is responsible for closing the larynx during the closing process. Trachea (windpipe) : Continuation of the larynx to approximately the level of the vertebrae fifth thoracic. Bronchi : Forms a branch of the trachea and enters the lungs as a continuation of trachea which branches into right and left bronchus. Bronchioles : These are branching channels after the bronchus. Alveoli : These are air sacs where the exchange of oxygen with carbon dioxide occurs. Lungs (Pulmo): The lungs are the main organ in the respiratory system. Respiratory Physiology Breathing/respiration: the body's efforts to meet oxygen needs for processes metabolism and emit carbon dioxide as a result of intermediary metabolism the lungs and respiratory tract together with the cardiovascular system to produce rich blood oxygen. Respiratory Process 1. External respiration is the absorption of oxygen and the excretion of carbon dioxide. 2. Deep breathing is the use of oxygen and the formation of carbon dioxide by cells. (Continued by transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide with hemoglobin). Oxygen transport in the blood is in the form of: Dissolved gas in blood plasma (3.2 mL/plasma), bound in Hb (220 mL/L0. Transport of carbon dioxide in the blood in the form of: Gas dissolved in blood plasma (a little), carbonic acid, soluble in blood plasma (a little), binds to Hb (5%), Salt bicarbonate (90%) Respiratory System Journey Series -The respiratory system is responsible for taking oxygen from the air -After arriving in the lungs, oxygen is transferred to the blood and circulated to the lungs whole body -Oxygen in the blood is exchanged for carbon dioxide -The gas resulting from the oxidation of cellular respiration is then carried to the lungs for respiration - Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and the body of creatures life is called respiration. Respiratory physiology includes 3 stages 1.Ventilation Inspiration: the entry and exit of air into the lungs. Expiration: the process of leaving and entering oxygen from the atmosphere into the alveoli or from alveoli to the atmosphere. The ventilation process is influenced by: -There is a difference in pressure between the atmosphere and the lungs. The higher it is the place the air pressure becomes lower. The lower the place then the air pressure is getting higher. -Compliance: the ability of the lungs to expand -Recoil: the ability of contraction to narrow the lungs -The respiratory centers, namely the medulla oblongata and pons, can be affected by ventilation Factors that influence ventilation: -Atmospheric air pressure and oxygen concentration in the atmosphere. -Clear airway -Adequate lung development is the presence of thoracic capacity and The alveoli in the lungs carry out expansion or deflation. 2. Diffusion Gas diffusion: exchange between oxygen in the alveoli with pulmonary capillaries and carbon dioxide in capillaries with alveoli. Factors that influence diffusion: -Lung surface area -The thickness of the respiratory membrane or permeability consisting of alveolar epithelium and interstitial (both of which can affect the diffusion process if it occurs thickening process). -Blood count -Condition/number of blood capillaries -Affinity -The time there is air in the alveoli 3. Gas Perfusion and Transport -Perfusion is the distribution of blood into the lungs -Oxygen is distributed from the lungs to the blood -Carbon dioxide is distributed from the blood to the alveoli - Gas transportation is the process of distributing capillary oxygen to body tissues and carbon dioxide from body tissues to the capillaries. Gas transportation is influenced by: -Cardiac output -Condition of blood vessels -Exercise -Comparison of blood cells with whole blood -Erythrocytes and Hb levels