Skin Disorders and Diseases: Key Terms and Definitions

SKIN DISORDERS AND DISEASES Question Approximately ______ percent of skin aging is caused by the rays of the sun. It is recommended that you wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least _____ on a daily basis. A ______ is an abnormal rounded solid lump larger than a papule and located above, within, or under the skin. Congenital hypopigmentation, or absence of melanin pigment of the body, including the skin, hair, and eyes. an allergy to an ingredient or a chemical, usually caused by repeated skin contact with the chemical. Cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. Deficiency in perspiration, often a result of fever or certain skin diseases. Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules. Foul-smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or on the feet, that is caused by bacteria. Large blister containing a watery fluid; similar to a vesicle but larger. "liver spots" ; condition characterized by hyperpigmentation on the skin in spots that are not elevated. "whitehead" ; hair follicle is closed and not exposed to the environment; sebum remains a white or cream color and comedian appears as small bump just under the skin surface. "pinkeye" ; common bacterial infection of the eyes; extremely contagious An inflammation of the skin caused by having contact with certain chemicals or substances. Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while it is healing; an accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal material. Closed, abnormally developed sac that contains fluid, pus, semifluid, or morbid matter above or below the skin. Inflammatory condition of the skin. Abnormal colorations of the skin that accompany many skin disorders and systemic disorders. An inflammatory, uncomfortable, and often chronic disease of the skin, characterized by moderate to sever inflammation, scaling, and sometimes severe itching. Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping. Primarily environmental factors that contribute to aging and the appearance of aging. A crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis. Unstable molecules that cause biochemical aging, especially wrinkling and sagging of the skin Recurring viral infection that often presents as a fever blister or cold sore Excessive sweating, caused by heat or general body weakness. Darker than normal pigmentation, appearing as dark splotches. Abnormal growth of the skin. Absence of pigment, resulting in light or white splotches. Contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesions. Skin-aging factors over which we have little control. occurs when irritating substances temporarily damage the epidermis. Thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue. Acquired, superficial, thickened patch of epidermis. Answer 80 to 85 percent 15 Tuburcle Albinism Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD) Anaerobic Anhidrosis Basal Cell Carcinoma Bromhidrosis Bulla Chloasma Closed Comedo Conjunctivitis Contact Dermatitis Crust Cyst Dermatitis Dyschromias Eczema Excoriation Extrinsic Factors Fissure Free radicals Herpes Simplex Hyperhidrosis Hyperpigmentation Hypertrophy Absence of pigment, resulting in light or white splotches. Impetigo Intrisic Factors Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD Keloid Keratoma Technical term for freckles; small yellow-colored to brown-colored spots on skin exposed to sunlight and air. Mark on the skin; may indicate an injury or damage that changes the structure of tissues or organs. Skin disorder characterized by light abnormal patches; caused by a burn or congenital disease that destroys the pigment-producing cells. Flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckly or a red spot left after a pimple has healed. Most serious form of skin cancer; often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised. Benign, keratin-filled cysts that can appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening. "prickly heat" ; an acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small red vesicles and accompanies by burning, itching pain. Small, brownish spot or blemish on the skin, ranging in color from pale tan to brown or bluish black. "birthmark" ; small or large malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries. A solid bump larger than .4 inches (1 cm) that can be easily felt. Product that has been designed and proven not to clog the follicles Lesions that are a different color than the color of the skin, and/or lesions that are raised above the surface of the skin. Skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silver-white scales; usually found on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back The hereditary tendency for acne-prone skin to retain dead cells in the follicle, forming an obstruction that clogs follicles for exacerbates inflammatory acne lesions such as papules and pustules. Chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose, and is characterized by flushing, telangiectasis, and in some cases, the formation of papules and pustules. Any thin dry or oily plate of epidermal flakes. (example would be excessive dandruff) "cicatrix" ; a lightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury or lesion of the skin has healed. A large protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum. Skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands. It is often characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, and/or itchiness. Characterized by piles of material on the skin surface, such as a crust or scab, or depressions in the skin surface, such as an ulcer Allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or a substance. A small brown-colored or flesh-colored outgrowth of the skin. Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules. Abnormal brown-colored or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular and/or irregular shape. Change in pigmentation of skin caused by exposure to the sun or ultraviolet light. Distended or dilated surface blood vessels Abnormal, rounded, solid lump above, within, or under the skin; larger than a papule. An abnormal mass varying in size, shape and color Open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth and possibly weeping fluids or pus. wart" ; hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis. Small blister or sac containing clear fluid, lying within or just beneath the epidermis. Hereditary condition that causes hypopigmented spots and splotches on the skin; may be related to thyroid conditions. Lentigines Lesion Leukoderma Macule Malignant Melanoma Milia Miliaria rubra Mole Nevus Nodule Noncomedogenic Primary Lesions Psoriasis Retention Hyperkeratosis Rosacea Scale Scar Sebaceous Cyst Seborrheic Dermatitis Secondary Skin Lesions Sensitization Skin Tag Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stain Tan Telangiectasis Tubercle Tumor Ulcer Verruca Vesicle Vitiligo Itchy, swollen lesion that lasts only a few hours; caused by a blow or scratch, the bite of an insect, urticaria, or the sting of a nettle. (such as hives or mosquito Wheal bites)