DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Biology Chapter 20 Review DNA Tools and Biotechnology Name Date Block Read the description and write the appropriate word in the space provided. Each word will be used only once. plants have this ability with all cells being able to form all parts 2. master regulatory genes 3. aenes from two different sources 4. cuts DNA at specific location 5. the development of a specific structure and function for a cell 6. shown in the Wilmut experiment in 1997 7. international public cooperation with linkage, physical mapping and sequencing goals 8. this is restricted as embryonic development and differentiation progress 9. location where DNA is cut by an enzyme 10. creation of form 11. plasmid that carried DNA into a cell 12. says that cells of an organism have the same genes 13. seals joined pieces of DNA with phosphodiester bonds 14. relatively unspecialized cells 15. cut pieces of DNA 16. causes differences in cells and arises as regulatory mechanisms tum genes off and on 17. staggered ends of DNA formed after a cut 18. having ability to differentiate into multiple cell types 19. created by cytoplasmic determinants and signals 20 easy to culture, can produce different cells of any type, "immortal 21. programmed cell death, essential to development 22. usually bacteria, cells that receive recombinant DNA 23. development of tissues, organs in characteristic places 24. direct manipulation of genes for practical purposes 25. contains prokaryotic promoter upstream of restriction site 26. used to amplily small amounts of DNA in vitro 27. base pairing between gene and complementary sequence 28. a version of DNA made from "processed" mRNA 29. separation of macromolecules through material in an electric field 30. uses a pulse to facilitate uptake of foreign DNA 31. manipulation of organisms or their components to make products 32. complementary sequence that base pairs with single stranded gene 33. automation to detect and measure expression of thousands of genes at once 34. study of full sets of proteins 35. detects differences in nuclecticle sequence, producing bands 36. most DNA variation comes from this 37. prepares a genetic profile based on linkage 38. lists nucleoticies for a gene or genome in "order" (aia GATTACAI 39. application of computer science and math to genetic/biological info 40. fragments from a gel transferred to nitrocellulose paper 41, an RNA that can silence expression of selected genes 42. can serve as genetic markers and can be analyzed by Southern blot Word Bank differentiation genomic equivalence cloning embryonic stem cells apoptosis biotechnology morphogenesis nuclear potency stem cells pattern formation recombinant DNA differential gene expression totipotent pluripotent spatial organization genetic engineering restriction site restriction enzyme sticky ends DNA ligase restriction fragment cloning vector host cell probe expression vector electroporation nucleic acid hybridization CONA SNP PCR gel electrophoresis restriction fragment analysis homectic genes Southern blot RFLP Human Genome Project gene mapping RNAI sequencing DNA microarray assays bioinformatics proteomics PART B: Short Answers. Answer the following questions. 1. Define and distinguish between embryonic and adult stem cells 2. Describe the five steps involved in making recombinant plasmids, using detailed vocabulary 3. What is the significance of CDNA and how is it used? 4. How is gel electrophoresis used in restriction fragment analysis 5. When is it necessary to use PCR and how does it work 6. Give ONE example of the use of DNA technology in EACH of the following areas: medicine. pharmaceuticals, forensics, environment, agriculture 7. Discuss THREE bioethical issues involving DNA technology and give reasons why YOU think they could be problems for society now or in the future