Histopathologic Techniques Practice Questions & Ratio

MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCS • HISTOPATHOLOGIC TECHNIQUES PRACTICE QUESTIONS + ANSWERS & RATIONALIZATIONS • • • • • • • • • • Elastic cartilage, except: a. External ear b. Walls of eustachian tubes c. Epiglottis d. Invertebral discs - fibrocartilage Involuntary: (1) Smooth muscle (2) Skeletal muscle (3) Cardiac muscle a. 1, 2 b. 2, 3 c. 1, 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 (+) COVID-19 result a. Sign b. Symptom Ill-fitting dentures: a. Hyperplasia b. Hypertrophy c. Metaplasia → Denture-induced hyperplasia is a reactive lesion arising from excessive and chronical mechanical pressure Hypertension: a. Hyperplasia b. Hypertrophy c. Metaplasia d. Anaplasia → A classic example of pathologic hypertrophy is enlargement of the heart in response to pressure overload, usually resulting from hypertension or valvular disease. Chronic smokers: a. Hyperplasia b. Hypertrophy c. Metaplasia d. Anaplasia Most affected by liquefactive necrosis: a. Brain b. Heart c. Lung All processes are one in an automatic tissue processor, except: a. Fixation b. Dehydration c. Impregnation d. Embedding In autotechnicon, the last container through which tissue section pass through contains a. Formalin b. Alcohol c. Paraffin d. Acetone Initial grade of alcohol used in automatic tissue processing: a. 60% b. 70% c. 80% d. 95% • • • • • • • • • • • What is the ideal osmolality of a fixative? a. Slightly hypertonic - best choice b. Slightly hypotonic c. Isotonic What is the ideal osmolality of a fixative? a. Hypertonic b. Hypotonic c. Isotonic The usual 10% formalin used in fixation of tissues is a 10% solution of formalin, containing about ___ weight to volume of formaldehyde. a. 2% b. 4% c. 6% d. 8% All of the following uses aluminum as mordant, except: a. Ehrlich’s b. Haris c. Weigert’s d. Gill All of the following are natural dyes, except: a. Saffron b. Hematoxylin c. Carmine d. Aniline - synthetic dye PAS and tissue chemical bond: a. Van der waal forces b. Ionic bond c. Covalent bond d. Coulombic bonds All are GI specimen for cytology, except: a. Gastric lavage b. Gastric brush c. Vomit d. Fine needle aspiration Commercial stock formaldehyde solutions contain: a. 4% formaldehyde b. 10% formaldehyde c. 37% to 40% formaldehyde d. 98% to 100% formaldehyde 10% formalin contain approximately what percentage of formaldehyde? a. 4 b. 10 c. 37 d. 100 Not included in Pap’s staining: a. Fixation b. Staining with hematoxylin c. Staining with eosin d. Alcohol In immunoperoxidase staining of formalin-fixed tissue, enzyme pretreatment of antigens: a. Enhances background staining b. Reactivates antigen and enhances primary staining c. Is needed to demonstrate all antigens d. Has precise endpoints Not examined by a pathologist: a. Gangrenous finger b. Necrotic bowel c. Pacemaker and lead d. Ruptured spleen 1 • • • • • • • • • • Not submitted in histopathology section after surgery: a. Breast implant b. Fingernails c. Eyes d. Orthopedic metals It is achieved by immersing the specimen in the fixative (immersion fixation) or, in the case of small animals or some whole organs such as a lung, by perfusing the vascular system with fixative (perfusion fixation): a. Physical fixation b. Chemical fixation c. Both of these d. None of these Which of the following is not a constituent of 10% neutral buffered formalin? a. Sodium phosphate trihydrate b. Sodium phosphate dibasic c. Sodium phosphate monobasic d. 36 to 40% formaldehyde Tissue is soft when block is trimmed: a. Incomplete fixation b. Incomplete dehydration c. Incomplete clearing d. Incomplete impregnation Xylene turns milky as soon as tissue is placed in it: a. Incomplete fixation b. Incomplete dehydration c. Incomplete clearing d. Incomplete impregnation Tissue is opaque, section cutting is difficult due to the presence of alcohol. a. Incomplete fixation b. Incomplete dehydration c. Incomplete clearing d. Incomplete impregnation Air holes found during trimming: a. Incomplete fixation b. Incomplete dehydration c. Incomplete clearing d. Incomplete impregnation Technique to highlight various individual tissue component: a. Giemsa staining b. H and E staining c. Immunohistochemsitry d. Special staining Microscope for immunohistochemistry: (1) Light microscope (2) Fluorescent microscope (3) Electron microscope a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 1, 2 d. 1, 2, 3 Enzyme histochemistry by chromogenic reaction can be visualized using: a. Light microscope b. Fluorescent microscope c. Electron microscope d. Any of these • • • • • If the cell or tissue antigen of interest is detected by directly binding a labeled primary antibody specific for that antigen: a. Direct immunohistochemistry b. Indirect immunohistochemistry c. Both of these d. None of these Uses an unlabeled primary antibody that is detected bound to its antigen with labeled secondary antibodies: a. Direct immunohistochemistry b. Indirect immunohistochemistry c. Both of these d. None of these Labeling in histopathology: a. Water-proof b. Solvent-proof c. Chemical-proof d. Fool-proof What is the stem cell precursor of most connective tissues? a. Macrophage b. Mesenchyme c. Adipocytes d. Plasma cells Critical in supporting normal wound healing: a. Basophils b. Neutrophils c. Lymphocytes d. Fibroblasts • 2 3