Clinical Microscopy Practice Questions & Ratio

MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE • CLINICAL MICROSCOPY PRACTICE QUESTIONS + ANSWERS & RATIONALIZATIONS • • • • • • • • • • • • Factors needed in the computation using Cockroft-Gault formula, except: a. Age b. Plasma creatinine c. 24 hour urine d. Body weight Blood flows through the nephron in the following order: afferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta, efferent arteriole Which of the tubules is impermeable to water? a. PCT b. Descending loop of Henle c. Ascending loop of Henle d. DCT e. Sodium and osmolality What is the normal odor of urine? a. Ammoniacal b. Fragrant c. Fruity d. Woody A male px undergone strenuous exercise and observed red urine. What is the probable cause? a. Myoglobinuria Which of the following is seen in a normal urine a. Nitrite b. Calcium c. Urobilinogen - present in small amount What gives additional magnification to the objectives? Ocular All of the following are normal crystals seen in acidic urine, except: a. Uric acid b. Amorphous urates c. Cystine d. Calcium oxalate The following are normal crystals seen in alkaline urine, except: a. Amorphous phosphate b. Triple phosphate c. Calcium phosphate d. Leucine crystal - seen in acidic urine Many uric acid crystals in a pediatric urine spx may indicate: a. Hurler syndrome b. Lesch-Nyhan diseasae c. Melituria d. Sanfilippo syndrome On what tube will you perform CSF VDRL? a. Tube 1 b. Tube 2 and 3 c. Tube 3 and 4 d. Tube 2 Cultures of peritoneal fluid are incubated: a. Aerobically b. Anaerobically c. At 37C and 42C d. Both A and B • • • • • • • • • • Which of the following is the urine specimen of choice for cytology studies? a. First morning specimen b. Random specimen c. Midstream “clean catch” collection d. Timed collection Which of the following can be mistaken as myelin globules in sputum? a. Blastomyces b. Cryptococcus c. Histoplasma d. Candida Which of the following may resemble lymphocytes in CSF? a. Blastomyces b. Cryptococcus c. Histoplasma d. Candida Larva in sputum: a. Ascaris b. Paragonimus - egg c. Both of these d. None of these Ova (eggs) in sputum a. Ascaris b. Paragonimus c. Both of these d. None of these Formed elements in sputum are best studied by cytological techniques? a. Gram stain b. Giemsa stain c. Wright’s stain d. Pap’s stain Fluid:serum protein and lactic dehydrogenase ratios are performed on serous fluids: a. When malignancy is suspected b. To classify transudates and exudates c. To determine the type of serous fluid d. When a traumatic tap has occurred The recommended test for determining whether peritoneal fluid is a transudate or an exudate is the: a. Fluid:serum albumin ratio b. Serum:ascites albumin gradient c. Fluid:serum lactic dehydrogenase ratio d. Absolute neutrophil count Which type of urine sample is needed for a D-xylose absorption test on an adult patient? a. 24-hour urine sample collected with 20 mL of 6 N HCl b. 2-hour timed postprandial urine preserved with boric acid c. 5-hour time urine kept under refrigeration White diamond: (1) Oxidizer (2) Acid (3) Combustible a. 1, 2 b. 2, 3 iQ 200 preclassifies (autoclassified by the analyzer) the following urine particles except: a. Nonsquamous epithelial cells b. Unclassified casts c. Bacteria d. Uric acid crystals 1 • • • • • • • Which of the following urine sediment particles cannot be autovalidated but will be flagged and must be reviewed by laboratory personnel? a. RBCs b. WBCs c. RTEs d. Squamous epithelial cells Inability to digest the gelatin in the X-ray film test a deficiency in ____ production a. Elastase b. Gastrin c. Pepsin d. Trypsin Which test is most sensitive and specific enzyme in detecting persons with chronic pancreatitis? a. Fecal trypsin b. Fecal chymotrypsin c. Fecal elastase d. Plasma lipase All of the following can affect sperm count, except: a. Smoking b. Drugs of abuse c. Alcohol d. Caffeine Urine specific gravity by the urinometer is 1.032. The urine temperature is 26C and chemical tests indicate presence of 2 g/dL glucose. What is the corrected specific gravity? a. 1.022 b. 1.024 c. 1.026 d. 1.028 → Solution: • If 5 round cells per 100 sperm are counted in a sperm morphology smear and the sperm concentration is 30 million, the concentration of round cells is: a. 150,000 b. 1.5 million c. 300,000 d. 15 million → Solution: • Which of the following best represents a hemothorax? a. Blood HCT: 42; Fluid HCT: 15 b. Blood HCT: 42; Fluid HCT: 10 c. Blood HCT: 30; Fluid HCT: 10 d. Blood HCT: 30; Fluid HCT: 20 Which of the following substances will cause urine to produce red fluorescence when examined with a UV lamp (360 nm) a. Myoglo]bulin b. Porphobilinogen (PBG) c. Urobilin d. Coproporphyrin Which of the following conditions is associated with normal urine color but produces red fluorescence when urine is examined with an ultraviolet (Wood’s lamp)? a. Acute intermittent porphyria b. Lead poisoning c. Erythropoietic porphyria d. Porphyria cutanea tarda • • • → 20 is standard calibration temperature A urine specific gravity measured by refractometer is 1.029, and the temperature of the urine is 14C. The specific gravity should be reported as: a. 1.023 b. 1.027 c. 1.029 d. 1.032 When performing a sperm concentration 60 sperm are count in the RBC squares on one side of the hemocytometer and 90 sperms are counted in the RBC squares on the other side. The specimen is diluted 1:20. The: a. Specimen should be rediluted and counted b. Sperm count is 75 million/mL c. Sperm count is greater than 5 M/mL d. Sperm concentration is abnormal 2