University:
Mt. San Antonio College
Course:
MEDI 90 | Medical Terminology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

468

Pages:

1
Author:

Larbi M.

Iron deficiency This is the most common case, in all countries and at all ages. The total transferrin binding capacity is high (>75 uM). Chronic bleeding is the cause in about 90% of cases, but it is often difficult to find. In menstruating women, the cause is most often gynecological. In men and postmenopausal women, there is almost necessarily a digestive cause. Repeated blood tests in a hospital setting can sometimes be responsible. Malabsorption is a rare cause. Children under 1 year of age are quite often affected by iron deficiency anemia, often due to a lack of intake (particularly if the milk diet is prolonged beyond 6 months). Inflammatory anemia The diagnosis of inflammatory anemia is based on the association: - a clinical and biological inflammatory syndrome (accelerated ESR, elevated CRP and fibrinogen): a total transferrin saturation capacity that is often low (<60 uM), in any case not high. There may be an association of inflammation and iron deficiency. Thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies C and E This is a hypothesis that should never be excluded on the basis of the geographical origin of the subject, given the frequency of thalassemia mutations. Heterozygous ß-thalassemias represent a common cause of moderate anemia (10-12 g/dL), with microcytosis of variable degree, depending on the mutations (65-75 uL) and generally non-regenerative. The diagnosis is in all cases based on hemoglobin electrophoresis. In the absence of anemia, microcytosis with normal serum iron and hemoglobin electrophoresis normally represents a sufficient set of symptoms to confirm the diagnosis of c-thalassemia minor. Certain syndromes linked to the presence of hemoglobin C or E may be slightly microcytic. Sideroblastic anemia Faced with microcytic anemia with normal serum iron, and nomal hemoglobin electrophoresis, a Another diagnosis to consider, alongside a-thalassemia minor, in a man (X-linked transmission) is that of genetic sideroblastic anemia (very rare). It is based on Perls staining on the myelogram and family investigation.