Motivation and Emotion Answer Key Part 2

63. Sometimes people find themselves unable to move their postural muscles i mmediately after awakening. Why? a. Blood pressure is too low. b. The motor nerves are inactive until body temperature reaches its nor mal level. c. An increase in light striking the eyes reflexively inhibits the motor ne urons. d. Part of the brain is still asleep. 64. Charley is currently in Stage 4 sleep. The next stage he will enter will most 1 ikely be a. stage 1 b. REM sleep *c. stage 3 d. paradoxical sleep 66. Vashti has been asleep for several hours. At this point of the night, she is m ost likely a. spending more time in REM sleep b. spending more time in slow wave sleep c. producing melatonin d. producing orexin 67. The relationship between sleep stage and dreaming is that dreams a. occur only in REM sleep b. occur only in NREM sleep *c. are more frequent and more vivid in REM sleep d. are more frequent and more vivid in NREM sleep 68. What is the best way to determine if an individual who claims to never drea m does, in fact, have dreams? a. Ask them about their dreams immediately after they wake up in the m orning. b. Wake them up during REM sleep and ask them if they have been dre aming. c. Wake them up during NREM sleep and ask them if they have been dre aming. d. Ask them under hypnosis if they have had any dreams recently. 69. Professor Steinberg tells her class that during a normal sleep cycle, a perso n will progress from a. Stage 1 to 2, 3, and 4 before entering REM sleep.. b. Stage 4 to 3, 2, and I before entering REM sleep. c. Stage 1 to 4 then back to 3 and 2, and then entering REM sleep. d. Stage 1 to 4 at the beginning of the night. Later on, the cycle is Stage 1 and 2 and then REM. 70. In comparison to NREM dreams, REM dreams a. are less likely to include striking visual imagery b. are more likely to include complicated plots c. do not contain violence d. are almost always less than five minutes 71. After a cut through the midbrain separates the forebrain and part of the mi dbrain from all the lower structures, an animal a. stops sleeping b. sleeps a normal amount per day, but lacks REM sleep *c. enters a prolonged state of sleep d. alternates rapidly between sleep and wakefulness 110. Compared to REM, research suggests that NREM is a. important for all types of memory b. important for strengthening memories of motor skills c. important for strengthening memories of lists of words d. not important for strengthening memories of any kind 111. Which hypothesis suggests that dreams are just thinking that takes place u nder unusual conditions? a. Neurocognitive b. Activation-synthesis e. Evolutionary d. Freudian 112. A recent hypothesis proposed that the role of REM is. a. to shake the eyeballs back and forth in order to get sufficient oxygen to the corneas of the eyes b. to shake the eyeballs back and forth so the individual moves from RE M to NREM c. no different than the role of NREM d. to bring to the surface the individual's unconscious wishes. 113. According to the activation-synthesis hypothesis, what do dreams reflect? a. The brain' s attempt to make sense of spontaneous neural activity b. Unconscious motivations and emotions. c. Experiences that have been part of the species' evolutionary history d. An imbalance among hormone levels 114. According to the activation-synthesis hypothesis, it should be possible to p redict (with better than chance accuracy) the content of a person's dreams if w e know what information about the person? a. Concentration of serotonin and acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex