Muscular System Vocabulary Notes

Vocabulary Adhesion - The formation of a fibrous band of tissue that holds two parts or surfaces together as in the healing of a wound. Ataxia - Inability to coordinate voluntary muscle activity Atrophy - Wasting away or shrinkage of muscle size Carpal tunnel syndrome - Disorder marked by pain, burning, and itching or tingling due to an inflamed median nerve and tendons in the wrist Contracture - Permanent tightening of skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and fascia Duchenne muscular dystrophy - Progressive disease that weakens the muscles of the shoulder and pelvic girdle Dystaxia - Partial ataxia; a mild form of ataxia Fasciitis - Inflammation of a fascia Flaccidity - Condition or state in which muscles are flabby, relaxed, or have defective or absent tone Hemiparesis - Weakness or slight paralysis on one side of the body Hypertrophy - Excessive growth or abnormal enlargement of a muscle Hypotonia - Loss of muscle tone Impingement syndrome - Condition that occurs when tendons of the shoulder become impinged, or compressed, by the bones of the shoulder Muscular dystrophy - Genetic disease characterized by progressive muscular weakness and skeletal muscle deterioration Myalgia - Muscle pain Myasthenia gravis - Chronic autoimmune disease characterized by voluntary muscle weakness that worsens after activity and improves after rest Myocele - Herniation or protrusion of muscle through a tear in the fascia Myolysis - Degeneration or deterioration of muscle tissue Myoma - Tumor of the muscle Leiomyoma - Benign tumor of smooth muscle, such as that found in the heart, bladder, or uterus Leiomyosarcoma - Malignant tumor of smooth muscle Rhabdomyoma - Benign tumor consisting of striated muscle that occurs on or in the smooth muscle of the heart Rhabdomyosarcoma - Malignant tumor of skeletal muscle Myomalacia - Abnormal softening of muscle tissue Myoparesis - Weakness or mild muscular paralysis Myorrhexis - Rupture or tearing of a muscle Myositis - Inflammation of a muscle Paraplegia - Paralysis of both legs and, often the lower trunk Paresthesia - Abnormal sensation that typically is not painful, such as tingling, numbness, itching, prickling, or burning Plantar Fasciitis - Inflammation of the plantar fascia Quadriplegia - Paralysis of all four extremities Rigor - Stiffness that occurs in dead bodies due to chemical changes in the muscles Sarcopenia - Loss of muscle mass, strength, and function as a result of aging Shin splint - Painful condition caused by muscle tearing away from the tibia Spasm - Involuntary sudden movement or convulsive muscular contraction Sprain - The stretching or tearing of a ligament which connects bone to bone Strain - The stretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon Tenalgia - Pain in the tendon Tendonitis - Inflammation of a tendon Tetany - A state of sustained muscular contraction ABRV. Amb ambulate NMI Nuclear medicine imaging CAT Computerized axial tomography NSAID Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory CFT Certified fitness trainer OTC over-the-counter c/o Complains of PCN penicillin CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation PCP Primary care physician CT Computed tomography PFT Personal fitness trainer CTS Carpal tunnel syndrome PRN As needed DMD Duchenne muscular dystrophy Pt patient DTR Deep tendon reflex PT Physical therapy EMG electromyogram Q2-3H Every two or three hours h hour/s Q8H Every 8 hours Hx, hx history R right IM intramuscular RICE Rest, ice, compression, elevation L left RMS rhabdomyosarcoma MD Muscular dystrophy ROM Range of motion Mg milligrams wt weight MRI Magnetic resonance y/o Years old N/A Not applicable Identify the Anatomical Structure A. Frontalis B. Trapezius C. Deltoid D. Pectoralis Major E. Triceps brachii F. Biceps brachii G. Latissimus dorsi Word Parts 1. muscul/o 2. tendin/o 3. Ab4. -malacia 5. -asthenia 6. kinesi/o 7. myocardi/o 8. Ad9. -paresis 10. my/o 11. -plegic 12. Quadri13. -ar 14. -tonia 15. fibr/o H. Abdominal muscles I. Gluteus Medius J. Gluteus Maximus K. Sartorius L. Biceps femoris M. Gastrocnemius N. Achilles tendon - muscle - tendon - blood type - abnormal softening of a tissue - weakness, lack of - movement - heart muscle - forward direction - describe human body - relationship to muscle - paralysis - four - acoustic reflex - muscle tension - fibro Anatomy and physiology 1. Sarcolemma 2. Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle 3. Voluntary muscle 4. Involuntary muscle 5. Excitability 6. extensibility 7. origin 8. insertion 9. tendons 10. Ligaments