Intro to Sociology Quiz 4

Which of the following fictional societies is an example of a pastoral society? A. The Amaganda, an extended family of warriors who serve a single noble family B. The Hunti, a wandering group of nomads who specialize in breeding and training horses C. The Rositian Clan, a small community of farmers who have lived on their family’s land for centuries D. The Deswan people, who live in small tribes and base their economy on the production and trade of textiles Which of the following occupations is a person of power most likely to have in an information society? A. B. C. D. Coal miner Sharecopper Children’s book author Software engineer Which of the following societies were the first to have permanent residents? A. B. C. D. Feudal Horticultural Industrial Hunter-gather Organic solidarity is most likely to exist in which of the following types of societies? A. B. C. D. Agricultural Industrial Feudal Hunter-gather According to Marx, the ____ own the means of production in a society. A. Vassals B. Bourgeoise C. Proletrait D. anomie Which of the following best depicts Marx’s concept of alienation from the process of one’s labor? A. A construction worker is laid oO and takes a job at a fast food restaurant temporarily, although he has never had an interest in preparing food before. B. A supermarket cashier always scans store coupons before company coupons because she was taught to do it that way. C. An associate professor is afraid that she won’t be given tenure and starts spreading rumors about one of her associates to make herself look better. D. A businessman feels that he deserves a raise, but is nervous to ask his manager for one; instead, he comforts himself with the idea that hard work is its own reward. The Protestant work ethic is based on the concept of predestination, which states that ________. A. B. C. D. Salvation is only achievable through obedience to God. Performing good deeds in life is the only way to secure a spot in Heaven No person can be saved before he or she accepts Jesus Christ as his or her savior God has already chosen those who will be saved and those who will be damned The concept of the iron cage was popularized by which of the following sociological thinkers? A. B. C. D. Fredrich Engels Max Weber Karl Marx Emile Durkheim Émile Durkheim’s ideas about society can best be described as ________. A. B. C. D. Conflict theorist Functionalist Symbolic Interactionist Rationalist Mary works full-time at an oOice downtown while her young children stay at a neighbor’s house. She’s just learned that the childcare provider is leaving the country. Mary has succumbed to pressure to volunteer at her church, plus her ailing mother-in-law will be moving in with her next month. Which of the following is likely to occur as Mary tries to balance her existing and new responsibilities? A. B. C. D. Role strain Status Strain Role Conflict Self-fulfilling prophecy According to Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann, society is based on ______. A. B. C. D. Role performance Institutionalization Status Habitual actions Paco knows that women find him attractive, and he’s never found it hard to get a date. But as he ages, he dyes his hair to hide the gray and wears clothes that camouflage the weight he has put on. Paco’s behavior can be best explained by the concept of _______. A. B. C. D. The looking-glass self Role performance Role strain Habitualization Which of the following best describes how deviance is defined? A. B. C. D. Deviance is defined by federal, state and local laws. Deviance is socially defined. Deviance occurs whenever someone else is harmed by an action Deviance’s definition is determined by one’s religion During the civil rights movement, Rosa Parks and other black protestors spoke out against segregation by refusing to sit at the back of the bus. This is an example of ______. A. Criminal mores B. An act of deviance C. An act of social control D. A social norm As student has a habit of talking on her cell phone during class. One day, the professor stops his lecture and asks her to respect the other students in the class by turning oO her phone. In the situation, the professor used _____ to maintain social control. A. B. C. D. Formal negative sanctions Informal negative sanctions Informal positive sanctions Formal positive sanctions Social practice social control to maintain _______. A. B. C. D. Formal sanctions Cultural deviance Sanction labeling Social order One day, you decide to wear pajamas to the grocery store. While you shop, you notice people giving you strange looks and whispering to others. In this case, the grocery store patrons are demonstrating _______. A. B. C. D. Formal sanctions Positive sanctions Deviance Informal sanctions A student wakes up late and realizes her sociology exam starts in five minutes. She jumps into her car and speeds down the road, where she is pulled over by a police oOicer. The student explains that she is running late, and the oOicer lets her oO with a warning. The students actions are example of _______. A. B. C. D. Primary deviance Secondary deviance Positive deviance Master deviance