University:
The University Of Western Ontario
Course:
2223B | Organic Chemistry of Biological Molecules
Academic year:

2023
Views:

462

Pages:

1
Author:

Cole M.

Newton’s Laws & Equilibrium More on Newton’s First Law of Motion: Newton’s First Law of Motion: every body persists in its state of being at rest or of moving uniformly straight forward, except insofar as it is compelled to change its state by force impressed (body at rest, tends to stay at rest) You really can’t tell if you are moving at a constant velocity or not moving at all Applying Newton’s First Law of Motion: An unbalanced force does not always change an object’s speed (but it does with regards to their velocity) Inertia: a property of matter by which it continues in its existing state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line, unless that state is changed by an external force Newton’s Second Law of Motion: Newton’s Second Law of Motion: F = ma When you double the force, you double the acceleration An object acted on by an unbalanced force will always accelerate in the direction of that unbalance force (or rather the net force) Newton’s Third Law of Motion: Newton’s Third Law of Motion: to every action, there is always an equal and opposite reaction, or the force of two bodies on each other are always equal and directed in opposite directions Center of Mass: If a force is applied to an object at its center of mass it will move in the same way as if all of its mass was concentrated on a point If you apply a force to an object on a location other than its center of mass, it will rotate around its center of mass When you apply force that results in rotational motion as opposed to translational motion, this is known as Torque Equation: Center of Mass = - !1 "2 #!2 "2 !1 #!2 Introduction to Torque: Torque Equation: T = rFsinθ (this only gives the magnitude of torque, it is a vector quantity so you would have to do a dot product) Take into account the force that is perpendicular to the object Even though work and torque have the same units, they are not the same thing because for work you want the force component in the same direction as displacement while with torque you want the perpendicular component When rotating in the clockwise direction, torque is negative and when rotating in the counterclockwise direction, torque is positive Uniform Circular Motion: motion in a circular path at a constant speed (not velocity) due to a centripetal force towards the axis of rotation