Cellular Form and Function Key Concepts

Cellular Form and Function connect bio 210 Question What is the branch of biology that investigates cells called? Squamous cells line the what? Tissue fluid is also called Blank______. The plasma membrane is made up of phospholipids and which of the following? A membrane coating called the ___________ is chemically unique in everyone but identical twins. Extensions of the plasma membrane that serve primarily to increase a cell's surface area are called Blank______. Which membrane type allows some things through and restricts the passage of others? What are all body fluids that are located outside of cells called? Answer Intracellular fluid Intra means "within," so this is referring to fluid inside the cell membrane. Blood is an extracellular fluid, but it is located within the blood vessels. Physical pressure Concentration gradients drive diffusion and osmosis, not filtration. Blood What drives filtration through a membrane? Concentration gradients The majority of the plasma membrane can be described as a bilayer of _____________ with associated proteins. The glycocalyx is Blank______ to the plasma membrane. Movement of gas molecules (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the air in the lungs and the blood or between the blood and the tissues is by which process? The net flow of water from one side of a selectively permeable membrane to the other side is called Which are usually prevented from moving across the selectively permeable membrane of a cell? In blood capillaries, blood pressure forces fluid through gaps in the capillary wall in a process called The fluidity of the plasma membrane is primarily provided by the Blank______. Define tonicity Oxygen passes into the bloodstream across the membranes in the lung by the process of What is the net flow of water down its concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane called? In carrier-mediated transport, one carrier can transport 1000 glucose molecules per Blank______ across the membrane Which of the following moves large particles and fluid droplets across the cell membrane? Cytology line the esophagus interstitial fluid Protein Glycocalyx Microvilli Selectively permeable Extracellular fluid Phospholipids external Diffusion osmosis Proteins allows nutrients and wastes to go through but prevents other things like proteins and phosphates filtration or capillary filtration phospholipids The ability of a solution to cause osmosis, affecting volume and pressure in the cell Diffusion osmosis second Vesicular transport Vesicular transport that releases material from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell is called endocytosis The process in which a physical pressure forces fluid through a selectively permeable membrane is called three types of protein structures that contribute to the cytoskeleton The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume and pressure in a cell is Example of a membranous organelle? What is the net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration called? Foreign bodies such as viruses, bacteria, or dust particles that have been phagocytized by the cell form types of Blank______ within the cytoplasm. In which process does a solute bind to a carrier in the plasma membrane that then changes shape and releases the solute to the other side of the membrane? Which are types of vesicular transport? exocytosis ;exocytosis release material from the cell vesicular processes that bring matter into the cell filtration Microtubules Microfilaments Intermediate filaments tonicity Nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex simple diffusion or diffusion :) inclusions Carrier-mediated transport Endocytosis and exocytosis False The cytoskeleton is a system of microfilaments, The cytoskeleton is composed of calcium salts. T or intermediate filaments, and microtubules, that give the cell F shape, allow movement, and the routing of molecules and organelles within the cell. three organelles are not surrounded by Centrioles Ribosomes Centrosomes membranes? Accumulated cell products such as glycogen inclusions granules, pigments, and fats are types of What is the general name for the network of structures within the cytoplasm which support the cytoskeleton cell, determine its shape, and participate in movement?