Give the Meanings for the Following SufÏxes Exercises and Terminology

Chapter 3 Exercises Part A Give the meanings for the following sufÏxes. 1. -cele: hernia 2. -emia: blood condition 3. -coccus: berry-shaped bacterium 4. -gram: record 5. -cyte: cell 6. -algia: pain 7. -ectomy: removal, excision, resection 8. -centesis: surgical procedure to remove fluid 9. -genesis: process of producing, forming 10. -graph: instrument to record 11. -itis: inflammation 12. -graphy: process of recording Part B Using the listed combining forms and your knowledge of sufÏxes, build medical terms for the definitions that follow. Amin/o Mast/o Angi/o My/o Arthr/o Myel/o Bronch/o Rhin/o Carcin/o Staphyl/o Cyst/o Strept/o Isch/o Thorac/o Laryng/o 1. hernia of the urinary bladder: cystocele 2. pain of muscle: myalgia 3. process of producing cancer: carcinogenesis 4. inflammation of the spinal cord: myelitis 5. berry-shaped bacteria in twisted chains: streptococci 6. surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest: thoracentesis or thoracocentesis 7. removal of the breast: mastectomy 8. inflammation of the tubes leading from the windpipe to the lungs: bronchitis 9. to hold back blood from cells: ischemia 10. process of recording (x-ray) blood vessels: angiogram 11. visual examination of joints: arthroscopy 12. berry-shaped bacteria in clusters: staphylococci 13. resection of the voice box: laryngectomy 14. surgical procedure to remove fluid from the sac around a fetus: amniocentesis 15. discharge from the nose: rhinorrhea Part C Match the listed terms, which describe blood cells, with the meanings that follow. Basophil Monocyte Eosinophil Neutrophil Erythrocyte Thrombocyte Lymphocyte 1. granulocytic white blood cell (granules stain purple) that destroys foreign cells by engulfing and digesting them; also called a polymorphonuclear leukocyte: neutrophil 2. mononuclear white blood cell that destroys foreign cells by making antibodies: lymphocyte 3. clotÝng cell; also called a platelet: thrombocyte 4. leukocyte with reddish staining granules and numbers elevated in allergic reactions: eosinophil 5. red blood cell: erythrocyte 6. mononuclear white blood cell that engulfs and digests cellular debris; contains one large nucleus: monocyte 7. granulocytic white blood cell that increases during the healing phase of inflammation: basophil Part D Give the meanings of the following sufÏxes. 1. -logy: process of study 2. -lysis: breakdown, separation, destruction 3. -pathy: process of disease 4. -penia: deficiency, less than normal 5. -malacia: softening 6. -osis: condition, abnormal condition 7. -phobia: fear of 8. -mengaly: enlargement 9. -oma: tumor, mass 10. -opsy: process of viewing 11. -plasia: condition of formation, growth 12. -plasty: surgical repair 13. -sclerosis: hardening, to harden 14. -stasis: to stop, control E Using the combining forms below and your knowledge of sufÏxes, build medical terms for the following definitions. Acr/o Morph/o Arteri/o My/o Bi/o Myel/o Blephar/o Phleb/o Cardi/o Rhino/o Chondr/o Sarc/o Hem/o Splen/o Hydro/o 1. enlargement of the spleen: splenomegaly 2. study of the shape (of cells): morphology 3. softening of cartilage: chondromalacia 4. abnormal condition of water (fluids) in the kidney: hydronephrosis 5. disease condition of heart muscle: cardiomyopathy 6. hardening of arteries: arteriosclerosis 7. tumor (benign) of muscle: myoma 8. flesh tumor (malignant) of muscle: myosarcoma 9. surgical repair of nose: rhinoplasty 10. tumor of bone marrow: myeloma 11. fear of heights: acrophobia 12. view of living tissue under a microscope: biopsy 13. stoppage of the flow of blood (by mechanical or natural means): hemostasis 14, inflammation of the eye: blepharitis 15. incision of a vein: phlebotomy Part F Give the plural formations of the following terms: 1. bacterium: bacteria 2. metastasis: metastases 3. vertebra: vertebrae 4. streptococcus: streptococci 5. nucleus: nuclei 6. prognosis: prognoses Part G Match the following terms with their meanings. Achondroplasia Hypertrophy Acromegaly Laparoscope Atrophy Laparoscopy Chemotherapy Metastasis Colostomy Necrosis Hydrotherapy Osteomalacia 1. treatment using drugs: chemotherapy 2. condition of death (of cells): necrosis 3. softening of bone: osteomalacia 4. opening of the large intestine to the outside of the body: colostomy 5. no development; shrinkage of cells: atrophy 6. beyond control; spread of a cancerous tumor to another organ: metastasis 7. instrument to visually examine the abdomen: laparoscope 8. enlargement of extremities; an endocrine disorder that causes excess growth hormone to be produced by the pituitary gland after puberty: acromegaly 9. condition of improper formation of cartilage in the embryo that leads to short bones and dwarfism: achondroplasia 10. process of viewing the peritoneal (abdominal cavity): laparoscopy 11. treatment using water: hydrotherapy 12. excessive development of cells (increase in size of individual cells): hypertrophy Part H Give the meanings of the following sufÏxes. 1. -ia: condition 2. -trophy: development, nourishment 3. -stasis: to stop, control 4. -stomy: new opening 5. -tomy: incision, cut into 6. -ole: small, little 7. -um: structure 8. -ule: small, little 9. -y: condition, process 10. -oid: resembling 11. -genic: pertaining to producing, produced by or in 12. -ptosis: falling, drooping, prolapse Part I Using the lists of combining forms and sufÏxes below, build medical terms for the following definitions. 1. incision of the abdomen: laparotomy 2. process of visual examination: laparoscopy 3. a small artery: arteriole 4. condition of the lungs: pneumonia (pneumonitis) 5. treatment using x-rays: radiotherapy 6. record (x-ray film) of the breast: mammogram 7. pain of the chest wall and the membranes surrounding the lungs: pleurodynia 8. a small vein: venule 9. disease condition of the kidney: nephropathy 10 surgical repair of the breast: mammoplasty Part J Underline the sufÏx in the following terms and give the meaning of the entire term. 1. laryngeal: pertaining to the voice box 2. inguinal: pertaining to the groin 3. chronic: pertaining to time (over a long period of time); the opposite of chronic is acute 4. pulmonary: pertaining to the lungs 5. adipose: pertaining to (or full of) fat 6. peritoneal: pertaining to the peritoneum (membrane around the abdominal organs) 7. axillary: pertaining to the armpit, under arm 8. necrotic: pertaining to death 9. mucoid: pertaining to mucus 10. mucous: pertaining to mucus 11. agoraphobia: fear of open spaces and being away from home alone 12. esophagus: tube leading from throat to stomach Part K Select from the listed terms relating to blood and blood vessels to complete the sentence that follow. Anemia Ischemia Angioplasty Leukemia Arterioles Leukocytosis Hematoma Multiple myeloma Hemolysis Thrombocytopenia Hemostasis Venules 1. Billy was diagnosed with excessively high numbers of cancerous white blood cells, or leukemia. His doctor prescribed chemotherapy and expected an excellent prognosis. 2. Mr. Clark's angiogram showed that he had serious atherosclerosis of one of the arteries supplying blood to his heart. His doctor recommended that angioplasty would be helpful to open up his clogged artery by threading a catheter (tube) through his artery and opening a balloon at the end of the catheter to widen the artery. 3. Mrs. Jackson's blood count showed a reduced number of red blood cells, indicating anemia Her erythrocytes were being destroyed by hemolysis. 4. Doctors refused to operate on Joe because of his low platelet count, a condition called thrombocytopenia. 5. Blockage of an artery leading to Mr. Stein's brain led to the holding back of blood flow to nerve tissue in his brain. This condition, called ischemia could lead to necrosis of tissue and a cerebrovascular accident. 6. Small arteries, or arterioles were broken under Ms. Bein's scalp when she was struck on the head with a rock. She soon developed a mass of blood, a/an hematoma under the skin in that region of her head. 7. Sarah Jones had a staphylococcal infection, causing elevation of her white blood cell count, known as leukocytosis. She was treated with antibiotics, and her blood count returned to normal. 8. Within the body, the bone marrow (soft tissue within bones) is the “factory” for making blood cells. Mr. Scott developed multiple myeloma a malignant condition of the bone marrow cells in his hip, upper arm, and thigh bones. 9. During operations, surgeons use clamps to close off blood vessels and prevent blood loss. In this way, they maintain hemostasis and avoid blood transfusions. 10. Small vessels that carry blood toward the heart from capillaries and tissues are venules. Part L Complete the medical term for the following definitions. Definition Medical Term 1. membrane surrounding the heart Pericardium 2. hardening of arteries Arteriosclerosis 3. enlargement of the liver Hepatomegaly 4. new opening of the windpipe to the Tracheostomy outside of the body 5. inflammation of the tonsils tonsillitis 6. surgical puncture to remove fluid from the Abdominocentesis abdomen 7. muscle pain Myalgia 8. pertaining to the membranes surrounding pleural the lungs 9. study of the eye Ophthalmology 10. berry-shaped (spheroidal) bacteria in Staphylococci clusters 11. beyond control (spread of cancerous Metastasis tumor) 12. pertaining to the voice box Laryngeal Part M Select from the meanings in Column II to match the sufÏxes in Column I. Write each meaning in the space provided. Column I Column II SufÏxes: Conditions Meanings 1. -algia or -dynia pain Blood condition 2. -cele hernia Controlling; stopping 3. -megaly enlargement Deficiency 4. -oma tumor; mass Destruction; breakdown 5. -penia deficiency Development; nourishment 6. -phobia fear Falling; drooping; prolapse 7. -plasia formation Enlargement 8. -emia blood condition Fear 9. -itis inflammation Formation 10. -trophy development; nourishment Hardening 11. -stasis controlling; stopping Hernia 12. -sclerosis hardening Inflammation 13. -lysis destruction; breakdown Pain 14. -ptosis falling, drooping, prolapse Softening 15. -malacia softening Tumor; mass Part N Select from the meanings in Column II to match the sufÏxes in Column I. Write each meaning in the space provided. Column I Column II SufÏxes: Procedures Meanings 1. -centesis surgical procedure to remove Excision fluid 2. -opsy to view Incision` 3. -ectomy excision Instrument to record 4. -tomy incision Instrument to visually examine 5. -stomy new opening New opening 6. -therapy treatment Process of recording 7. -plasty surgical repair Process of visual examination 8. -scopy process of visual examination Record 9. -scope instrument to visually examine Surgical puncture to remove fluid 10. -graphy process of recording Surgical repair 11. -gram. record To view 12. -graphy instrument to record Treatment Part O Circle the correct term to complete the following sentences. 1. Ms. Daley, who has nice children, visited her general practitioner because she was experiencing problems with urination. After examining her, the doctor found that her bladder was protruding into her vagina and told her she had a (rectocele, cystocele, hiatal hernia). 2. Susan coughed constantly for a week. Her physician told her that her chest x-ray examination showed evidence of pneumonia. Her sputum (material coughed up from the bronchial tubes) was found to contain (ischemic, pleuritic, pneumococcal) bacteria. 3. Mr. Manion went to see his family doctor because he couldn't keep his left upper eyelid from sagging. His doctor told him that he had a neurologic problem called Horner syndrome, characterized by (necrosis, hydronephrosis, ptosis) of his eyelid. 4. Jill broke her left arm in a fall while mountain biking. After 6 weeks in a cast to treat the fracture, her left arm was noticeably smaller and weaker than her right arm—the muscles had (atrophied, hypertrophied, metastasized). Her physician recommended physical therapy to strengthen the affected arm. 5. Ms. Brody was diagnosed with breast cancer. The first phase of her treatment included a (nephrectomy, mastectomy, pulmonary resection) to remove her breast and the tumor. After the surgery, her doctors recommended (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hydrotherapy) using drugs such as doxorubicin (Adriamycin) and paclitaxel (Taxol). 6. At age 29, Kevin's facial features became coarser, and his hands and tongue enlarged. After a head CT (computed tomography) scan, doctors diagnosed the cause of these changes as (hyperglycemia, hyperthyroidism, acromegaly), a slowly progressive endocrine condition involving the pituitary gland. 7. Each winter during “cold and flu season,” Daisy developed (chondromalacia, bronchitis, cardiomyopathy). Her doctor prescribed antibiotics and respiratory therapy to help her recover. 8. After undergoing (arthroscopy, laparotomy, radiotherapy) on his knee, Alan noticed swelling and inflammation near the small incisions. Dr. Nicholas assured him that this was a common side effect of the procedure that would resolve spontaneously. 9. Under the microscope, Dr. Vance could see grape-like clusters of bacteria called (eosinophils, streptococci, staphylococci). She made the diagnosis of (staphylococcemia, eosinophilia, streptococci), and the patient was started on antibiotic therapy. 10. David enjoyed weightlifting, but he recently noticed a bulge in his right groin region. He visited his doctor, who made the diagnosis of (hiatal hernia, rectocele, inguinal hernia) and recommended surgical repair.