Nutrition Quiz - Study Questions

1. Inflammation is the immune system’s normal, healthy response to cell injury. TRUE 2. Frequent use of laxatives is an effective way to prevent constipation. FALSE 3. The pancreas releases glucagon to remove glucose from blood and store it in muscles. FALSE 4. Body fluids supply the tissues continuously with energy, oxygen, and nutrients, including water. TRUE 5. Some nutrients are stored in the body in much smaller quantities than others are. TRUE 6. Which strategy should be used by someone experiencing heartburn? Eat smaller meals 7. Although the recommendation is to drink in moderation if consuming alcohol, which issue may still need to be considered? Moderation is difficult to define because of differences in tolerance among people 8. A person can become intoxicated almost immediately when drinking, especially if: The stomach is empty 9. The blood exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide in the: Lungs 10. Which of the following restores sobriety in someone who has been drinking alcohol? Time 11. As food moves through the digestive tract it spends the most time in the: Large intestine because of the need to partially digest fiber and absorb water 12. A margarita made from 4 fl. Oz. of the mix plus 1.5 fl. Oz. of tequila (containing 15 g alcohol) will create a drink that provides how many calories? 215 13. If you are taking medications to treat the discomfort caused by heartburn, it is important to know that: Antacids will only temporarily relieve pain by neutralizing stomach acid for a while 14. The nervous system’s role in huger regulation is coordinated by the: Brain 15. Cells can best be described as: Self-contained living entities 16. The stomach’s main function is the digestion of what nutrient? Protein 17. You are concerned about a classmate who is binge drinking on a regular basis and want to let him know about long-term complications that may result from that practice. What would you tell him to convince him to cut back on drinking? Excessive alcohol intake can lead to deterioration of skeletal and heart muscle 18. Alcohol’s effect on nutrition is important because: Alcohol causes the liver to expel folate into the blood for excretion by the kidneys 19. Which statement is true regarding the timing of meals? Timing of meals is important to feeling well 20. In cases of severe undernutrition, the small intestine will react by: Shrinking to a much smaller surface 21. Which types of cells normally replace themselves once every few years? Muscle cells 22. Hormones are secreted and released into the blood by ____. Glands 23. The bones provide reserves of: Calcium only 24. What alert(s) your conscious mind to the sensation of hunger? Hypothalamus and muscle activity (stomach muscles) 25. The digestive tract needs ___, which provides the bulk against which the muscles of the colon can work. Fiber 26. The purpose of the villi and microvilli in the intestinal tract is to: Trap the nutrient particles and absorb them into the cells 27. If you do not eat on a regular basis throughout the day, the effect on the body will be: A coordinated effort that draws stored energy from various parts of the body 28. The inflammation that tissues undergo when they become injured or irritated: May involve loss of function of the affected body part 29. The liver converts excess energy-containing nutrients into __ for storage. Glycogen and fat 30. A gene variation in the cells can occasionally cause an inborn error of metabolism. If this is discovered by a healthcare provider, the advice would be to: Eat a special diet that will minimize potential harm to the body 31. Which types of cells do not reproduce, and if damaged by injury or disease, are lost forever? Brain cells 32. Which of the following is characteristic of liver glycogen? It can be released into the blood as glucose 33. During the flight-or-flight reaction to stress the nervous system reacts by: Releasing stored glucose from the liver 34. Which organ has the special task of chemically altering absorbed materials to make them better suited for use by other tissues? Liver 35. Cells lining the digestive tract replace themselves every: 3 days 36. A person in an emergency situation is unable to eat for several weeks. Which of the following would provide most of the energy that this person would need to survive? Fat 37. A person can eat when hunger is absent because The conscious mind of the cortex can override body signals 38. You have just consumed a meal very high in fat. As a result, hormonal messages will tell an organ to send ___ in amounts matched to the amount of fat present. Bile 39. Among the cells’ most basic needs are __ and the oxygen with which to burn it Energy 40. Most people have aversions to ___ tastes. Bitter 41. The major function of the kidneys is to: Excrete wastes from the body in urine 42. What advice would you give to a friend suffering from constipation? Consume foods with adequate fiber 43. The first principle of diet planning is that the foods we choose must provide energy and the essential nutrients, including: Water 44. Which of the following does not occur as part of the stress response? The digestive system speeds up 45. Which of the following determines the nature of the cell’s work? Gene activity 46. The primary organ of digestion and absorption is the: Small intestine 47. Glycogen is stored in the body for future use. If it is drawn upon, it will: Provide energy for cell activities during extended between meal intervals 48. What are the major roles of the villi and microvilli in the small intestine? The microvilli trap nutrients so the villi cells can absorb them 49. The margarita mix is the “classic lime” flavor; however, the label states that is “contains 0% juice.” What would be the best statement about the vitamin C contribution of this drink? You need to refer to the nutrition facts panel for the daily value of vitamin C 50. Without food to replenish it, the liver’s glycogen supply can be depleted within: As few as 3 to 6 hours