Human Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam 1

PRACTICE EXAM 1 Match (choices may be used once, more than once, or not at all). 1. Ribosomes embedded B 2. Contain enzymes that detoxify cells F 3. Assemble ribosomes D 4. Involved with lipid metabolism A a) b) c) d) e) f) Smooth ER Rough ER Mitochondria Nucleolus Lysosomes Peroxisomes 5. Put the following bonds in order from strongest to weakest. I. Single covalent bond II. Hydrogen bond III. Double covalent bond IV. Ionic bond a) IV, III, II, I b) IV, III, I, II c) II, IV, I, III d) III, I, IV, II 6. What is the most defining trait of a living organism? a) Reproduction b) Excitability c) Growth d) Conductivity 7. What would the DNA strand “ATTGCCATGC” look like when it has been transcribed into mRNA? a) TAACGGTACG b) GCCATTGCAT c) UAACGGUACG d) GCCAUUGCAU 8. Which of the following has the highest molecular speed of its molecules? a) Blood b) Carbon Dioxide c) Bones d) They’re all the same 1 9. Imagine you are a doctor and you have a pregnant woman come in to get an ultrasound. Which subdivision(s) of anatomy are used in this situation? a) Radiographic anatomy b) Pathological anatomy c) Systemic anatomy d) Developmental anatomy e) Both a & d 10. Osmosis is the movement of water from _______________ to _______________. a) Hypertonic; hypotonic b) Hypotonic; hypertonic c) Hypertonic; isotonic d) Hypotonic; isotonic 11. What is the correct order for a negative feedback system? I. A stimulus produces a change in a variable II. Information is processed and integrated III. Imbalance of variable disrupts homeostasis IV. Effector influences magnitude of correction V. Variable returns to homeostasis VI. A change is detected by a receptor 12. 13. 14. 15. a) I, III, II, VI, IV, V b) I, III, VI, II, IV, V c) I, II, III, VI, IV, V d) I, VI, III, II, IV, V Which of the following would not increase the rate of a chemical reaction? a) Increase in temperature b) Increase in molecular size c) Adding more particles d) Adding a catalyst Which of the following increases the ability cells absorption ability? a) Desmosomes b) Microvilli c) Tight junctions d) Integral proteins Red blood cell enters a solution that is relatively hypertonic. The red blood cell will: a) Shrink b) Undergo lysis c) Stay the same d) None of the above Denaturation can occur in all these situations EXCEPT: a) Body temperature drops below the normal 98.6 degrees F b) Body temperature increases above the normal 98.6 degrees F c) pH levels are below the optimum d) pH levels are above the optimum 2 16. What is the cell membrane primarily composed of? a) Phospholipids, proteins, glycolipids, glycoproteins b) Phospholipids, proteins, Eicosanoids, Ions c) Phospholipids, proteins, disaccharides, ribosomes d) Phospholipids, proteins, monosaccharides, glycoproteins 17. Emily is tying to reduce her cholesterol levels. In regards to triglycerides, Emily should avoid _____________ and increase her intake of ________________. a) polyunsaturated; unsaturated b) unsaturated; saturated c) trans fat; unsaturated d) trans fats; polyunsaturated 18. The movement of fluids into a cell is known as ______________ and is an example of _____________ transport. a) Phagocytosis, Passive b) Phagocytosis, Active c) Pinocytosis, Active d) Pinocytosis, Passive 19. You place a substance in a beaker and notice that it dissociates and after testing the solution, find that the H+ concentration has increased. The substance is most likely a: a) Base b) Amphipathic molecule c) Salt d) Acid e) Nonpolar molecule f) None of the above 20. During a redox reaction, one species loses electrons and is oxidized. During this process, energy is: a) Released b) Absorbed c) both released and absorbed d) neither released nor absorbed 21. I want to pass through a cellular membrane passively. Which characteristics will help me? i. Small size ii. Finding a carrier protein to help iii. Fat soluble iv. High concentration of “me” on the outside of the cell a) I only b) I and II c) I, III, IV d) I, II, III, IV 3 22. We are studying a specific lipid in lab. Which of the following could be characteristic of the lipid? a) It could be broken down in the rough ER b) It could be a polysaccharide c) It should be able to pass through the plasma membrane of the cell d) It is polar 23. What type of transport process uses no ATP, but involves a carrier protein? a) Diffusion b) Facilitated diffusion c) Osmosis d) Filtration 24. A sperm has lots of mitochondria in its head so that it can continuously propel the flagella through it’s journey to the egg. The sperm being made uniquely in order to perform its function is a great example of: a) Principle of connectivity b) Principle of complementarity c) Principle of continuity d) Principle of mechanical movement 25. Which of the following is forms when 2 integral proteins fuse together? a) Tight junctions b) Desmosomes c) Gap junctions d) Anchoring junction) 26. In general, the lipids that we refer to as oils have ________. a) Long fatty acid chains b) A high degree of unsaturated bonds c) A high water contents d) A high degree of saturated bonds 27. Which of the following is a general function for a fibrous protein? a) Transport b) Protein management c) Structural framework d) Body defense e) Catalysis 28. ___________ accumulates on the outside of the cell while __________________ accumulates on the inside of the cell during resting membrane potential – 70 MV a) Potassium, Sodium b) Sodium, Calcium c) Sodium, Potassium d) Potassium, Calcium 29. Which of the following is dependent on a pressure gradient? a) Facilitated diffusion b) Active transport c) Endocytosis 4 d) Filtration 30. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? a) Amino acid; protein b) Monosaccharide; carbohydrate c) Nucleotide, nucleic acid d) Eicosanoid; triglyceride 31. Which of the following is not true regarding proteins? a) Can be denatured in high heats b) Cannot act as a catalyst c) Can function in our immune system d) long distance signaling molecules to regulate body functions 32. Which of the following is vital to cell replication during mitosis? a) MPF separates the cell b) Helicase c) Cyclin prepares the cell d) DNA ligase 33. Place the following in order: i. DNA ligase connects fragments ii. Primers initiate replication iii. DNA unwinds iv. DNA Polymerase adds nucleotides a) II,III,IV,I b) III,II,IV,I c) III,IV,II,I d) IV,I,III,II 34. What is true regarding cdk’s? a) They are the most important factor in initiating cell division b) Produced by cell during the G1 phase c) If the cell did not produce these, it wouldn’t be able to divide d) If not working properly, can result in formation of a tumor 35. Differentiate mitosis and meiosis? a) Both contain an interphase b) Mitosis results in 4 haploid cells and meiosis results in 2 diploid cells c) Mitosis is reproductive cell division and meiosis is somatic cell division. d) Mitosis results in 2 diploid cells and meiosis results in 4 haploid cells 36. Which type of RNA is responsible for carrying the genetic code? a) mRNA b) tRNA c) rRNA d) both a and c 5