Canine and Feline Physical Exam Notes

CANINE AND FELINE PHYSICALEXAMS PhysicalExam 4methods to gatherinfo observation palpation auscultation W stethoscope percussion recordinginfo amedicalrecordis a legaldocument standard info signalmentTPRweight owner info Record BaselineValues Signalment TPR PainAssessment 4th vitalsign FASscores weight chiefcomplaint Vitalsigns temperature pulse respiration bodyconditionscore l 9 or l S Observation Iststepofphysicalexam frequently donewhiletakingahistory how is it interacting calmfearful aggressive gaitaposture spain evident Examorder nose to tail alwaysbeconsistent GeneralAssessment mainimpressionsfrom observation Hydration Assessment hydrationassessment bodycompared tototalbodyweight 1stthingsyounotice evaluate fluid balancesandalforoverallhealth hydration amt of waterpresent in the tydrationAssessmentMethods SkinElasticitytest pinchskin ontheanimalsneckorback observehowquickly itreturnsto original position normal skinquicklyreturnstooriginalposition dehydration skin remains tentedtakeslongertoreturn tonormal dskin elasticity capillaryRefilltime pressgently on animalsgum or inner eyelid t release observetime ittakesforcolortoretu normal colorshould return almostimmediately dehydrationcolortakeslongerthan 2secondsto return dbloodflow MucousMembrane Moisture assessmoistness ofgumsorinsideofthe mouth normal mucousmembranesshouldbe moist t pink dehydration mucous membranes aredry orsticky Urineconcentration assess urine production normal dilute urine w lightercolor dehydration concentrated urine dark incolor or decreased urine output IC intracellularFluid insidecells w in cellmembrane containselectrolytesnutrients and all components supports allprocesses cellstructure ISF interstitial fluid surroundscells intissuesthroughoutbod similarto plasma but lackslargerproto fasalitatesexchange of nutrientsmedi forcellcommunication transport N intravascular fluid w in bloodvessels arteriesveinscapillar Noseto Tail Exam symmetry and postureofhead nose characterof skin a mucosa discharge eye pinnae earcanals tympanum consistsofplasmawaterelectrolytes transportsnutrients oxygenhormones salivaryglands lips 4teeth gingiva tongue palate ThyroidGlandPalpation OralExam how to opena dogsmouth onehandcontrolsmandibletheothercontrolsmaxilla placefingersbehindcaninestoopen OtoscopicExam normalcanalmayhavesomeyellowwhite wax lookfor fur foreignmaterial inflammation abnormaldischargeparasites healthytympanum isglossy clear concave notinflamed Observation of Respiratorysystem coughing orsneezing changesin respiratoryeffort nasaldischarge openmouth breathing mucousmembranecolor posture ashape ofchest deepbreaths abdominaleffort wheezing Jalpationof Respiratorysystem larynxtrachea throat any massesorswellings or rib abnormalities symmetry tochest Auscultationof Respiratorysystem QUIETROOM beaware ofextraneousnoises hairrubbingmuscletrembling listento larynx trachea 4areas oneachsideofchest dividedintogrid purringmakesauscultationimpossible breathsoundsnormallyauscultatedduringinspiration first 113expiration dogs Abnormalsounds crackles wheezes rhonchi Percussion of Respiratorysystem placemiddlefinger onintercostalspacetapbetweenthefingernail a1stjoint w midfingerof otherhand normalvibrationslike adrumnotedover air filledstructures no vibrationsoversolidstructures heart liver fluid dull sound free air resonanthighpitch JalpationofCardiovascularsystem shape feelofchest pulsationsinjugulargroove mucousmembranecolor palpateapexofthe heart assessforvibrations Auscultation of Cardiovascularsystem bestheardover4th6thintercostalspace tub dubsounds pulsesshouldbesynchronus w heartbeatsheard femoralartery dorsalpedalartery listenforsplitheartsoundsclicksmurmursarrhythmias describedbasedontimingduringcardiaccycle systolicdiastolicholo systolic describedbasedon loudness arrythmias Murmurs produced byinterruptionoflaminarbloodflow physiologic anemia shock oranatomical valve heartmuscle classifiedby timing intensity locationqualityfrequency Murmur intensity 2Systemstogradeintensity 1Soft Moderate loud Grade I V1 Grade l difficulttohearonlyinquiet room quietbutreadilyheard Grade11 Grade111 low to moderateintensity Grade N moderateintensityheardonbothsidesofchest Grade V loudw palpablethrill Gradev1 loud w thrill Jalpation of Glsystem includesoral exam abdominalsize distension palpationofquadrants of abdomen