University:
University of North Georgia
Course:
BIOL 3240K | Cell Biology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

214

Pages:

2
Author:

Nesbyenvkk

 RECEPTOR PROTEINS - Trigger cellular responses upon binding specific molecules, e.g. hormones  RECOGNITION PROTEINS - Serve as identification tags on the surface of a cell  ATTACHMENT PROTEINS - Anchor the cell membrane to inner cytoskeleton, to proteins outside the cell, and to other cells  TRANSPORT PROTEINS - Include channel and carrier proteins  A FLUID - is a substance that can move or change shape in response to external forces  A SOLUTE - is a substance that can be dissolved (dispersed as ions or molecules) in a solvent  A SOLVENT - is a fluid capable of dissolving a solute  A GRADIENT - is a physical difference in temperature, pressure, charge, or concentration in two adjacent regions  PASSIVE TRANSPORT - Substances move down their concentration gradients across a membrane (No energy is expended)  ACTIVE TRANSPORT - Substances are driven against their concentration gradients (Energy is expended)  SIMPLE DIFFUSION - Lipid soluble molecules and very small molecules diffuse directly across the phospsholipid bilayer  FACILITATED DIFFUSION - Water soluble molecules like ions, amino acids, and sugars diffuse with the aid of channel and carrier transport proteins  ISOTONIC - solutions have equal concentrations of water and equal concentrations of dissolved substances  HYPERTONIC - solution is one with lower water concentration or higher dissolved particle concentration  HYPOTONIC - solution is one with higher water concentration or lower dissolved particle concentration  RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS - moves specific molecules into the cell  PHAGOCYTOSIS - (“cell eating”) moves large particles or whole organisms into the cell  PINOCYTOSIS - (“cell drinking”) brings in droplet of extracellular fluid  EXOCYTOSIS - Vesicles join the membrane, dumping out contents  DESMOSOMES - Attach Cells Together  TIGHT JUNCTIONS - Make Cell Attachments Leakproof  GAP JUNCTIONS AND PLASMODESMATA - Allow Direct Communication Between Cells