University:
University of South Alabama
Course:
BMD 114 | Anatomy and Physiology I
Academic year:

2021
Views:

361

Pages:

4
Author:

Charlee Buchanan

Ques 5: Explain the different types of joints with example. Answer: Types of Joint A joint is the point where two or more bones meet. There are three main types of joints; Fibrous (immoveable), Cartilagenous (partially moveable) and the Synovial (freely moveable) joint. Fibrous joints Fibrous (synarthrodial): This type of joint is held together by only a ligament. Examples are where the teeth are held to their bony sockets and at both the radioulnar and tibiofibular joints. Cartilagenous Cartilagenous (synchondroses and sympheses): These joints occur where the connection between the articulating bones is made up of cartilage for example between vertebrae in the spine. A cartilagenous joint between two vertebrae Synchondroses are temporary joints which are only present in children, up until the end of puberty. For example the epiphyseal plates in long bones. Symphesis joints are permanant cartilagenous joints, for example the pubic symphesis. Synovial Joints Synovial (diarthrosis): Synovial joints are by far the most common classification of joint within the human body. They are highly moveable and all have a synovial capsule (collagenous structure) surrounding the entire joint, a synovial membrane (the inner layer of the capsule) which secretes synovial fluid (a lubricating liquid) and cartilage known as hyaline cartilage which pads the ends of the articulating bones. There are 6 types of synovial joints which are classified by the shape of the joint and the movement available. Types of Synovial Joint Joint Type Movement at joint Hinge Pivot Structure Flexion/Extension Elbow/Knee Hinge joint Top of the neck (atlas and axis bones) Pivot Joint Rotation of one bone around another Flexion/Extension/Adduction/ Ball and Socket Examples Abduction/Internal & External Rotation Shoulder/Hip Ball and socket joint CMC joint of the thumb Saddle joint Wrist/MCP & MTP joints Condyloid joint Intercarpal joints Gliding joint Flexion/Extension/Adduction/ Saddle Abduction/Circumduction Flexion/Extension/Adduction/ Condyloid Abduction/Circumduction Gliding Gliding movements