4PY019: PPM - Controlled Drugs

4PY019: PPM - Controlled Drugs Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dfgvt7 Drug misuse is the use of a substance for a purpose which is inconsistent with legal or medical guidelines. It has a detriWhat is the definition of drug misuse? mental effect on health or normal functioning. It may present as drug dependence or be part of a wider spectrum of problematic behaviour. Until 1903, Coca-Cola, which was created by an American pharmacist named Pemberton as an analgesic after he susWhat was Coca-Cola originally used for? tained a sabre wound, included both cocaine and alcohol amongst its ingredients. What is the definition of Heroin? Heroin is a brand name for diacetyl morphine or diamorphine, an opioid drug first synthesised by Bayer as an antitussive. What is the definition of an antitussive? An antitussive is a medicine that suppresses coughing (cough suppressants). How was heroin used during WW1? During WW1, it was normal for people at home to buy Heroin kits to send to soldiers in the trenches. They were sold openly in big department stores including Harrods and Harvey Nichols, as well as by mail order, not for pain relief, but for recreational use. What is the definition of an opiate? An opiate is any of the natural opioid analgesic alkaloids found in the opium poppy plant. What are some examples of opiates? Examples of opiates include morphine and codeine. What is the definition of an opioid? An opioid is any chemical that resembles opiates in its pharmacological effects. What is an example of an opioid? An example of an opioid is diamorphine. What is the definition of a psychotropic? 1/5 4PY019: PPM - Controlled Drugs Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dfgvt7 A psychotropic is a chemical substance that changes brain function and alters perception, mood, or consciousness. What is an example of a psychotropic? An example of a psychotropic is LSD. Some controlled drugs, such as morphine, diamorphine, fentanyl, dihyWhich controlled drugs are used as pain drocodeine, and codeine, are extremely killers? powerful pain killers, and are used to treat severe pain, such as post-operative pain or pain in certain types of cancer. The most common formulation for conWhat are the most common formulation trolled drugs are oral, transdermal, for controlled drugs? patches, and injectable formulations. In palliative care, it is common to use drugs in a syringe driver. This allows the drug to be infused at a constant rate over Which drug delivery route is commonly a 24-hour-period to provide a base level used in palliative care? of pain relief. If the patient's pain gets worse, they can be given oral medication to manage any 'breakthrough' pain. Palliative care is care for the terminally ill What is the definition of palliative care? and their families, especially that provided by an organised health service. Amphetamine is a synthetic, addictive, mood-altering drug, used illegally as a What is the definition of amphetamine? stimulant. It can also be used to treat narcolepsy and ADHD. What is the definition of drug habituation? Drug habituation occurs when drugs, such as heroin or other opiates, are used repeatedly, so the body develops tolerance towards those drugs. As a result, the user must take a higher dose to produce the same effects. Withdrawal symptoms are the physical and mental symptoms that a person has when they suddenly stop or cut back the 2/5 4PY019: PPM - Controlled Drugs Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dfgvt7 What is the definition of withdrawal symptoms? use of an addictive substance, such as opiates, opioids, nicotine products, benzodiazepine, amphetamine, or alcohol. Common withdrawal symptoms for opiates include restlessness, muscle and bone pain, insomnia, diarrhoea, vomitWhat are common withdrawal symptoms ing, cold flashes with goose bumps (cold turkey), and leg movements. Major withfor opiates? drawal symptoms peak between 24-48 hours after the last dose, and subside after about a week. Ways in which drug addiction can harm a person personally: * Health, diet, and exercise seem less important. * Increased risk of blood-borne diseases if taking the drug by injection. * Accidental overdose. * Increased risk of accidents whilst under the influence. What are examples of ways drug addic- * Harm caused by other substances tion can harm a person personally? added to the drugs to bulk them out (cutting). * Employment may be affected as it can be very difficult to hold down a job. * Financial problems due to having no job, and the cost of a drug habit often leads to homelessness, drug dealing, and prostitution. * Legal proceedings, arrests, fines, imprisonment. Ways in which drug addiction can harm a person's relationship with family and What are examples of ways drug adfriends: diction can harm a person's relationship * Damaged relationships. with family and friends? * Child neglect. * Stealing from family and friends. 3/5 4PY019: PPM - Controlled Drugs Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dfgvt7 Ways in which drug addiction can harm a person's involvement with society: * Increased levels of crime to fund the drug habit (typically theft, burglary, drug What are examples of ways drug addic- dealing, or prostitution). * Massive profits made by organised tion can harm a person's involvement criminal gangs who smuggle and distribwith society? ute the drugs. * Cost of treatment (NHS). * Loss of tax income. * Loss of civic responsibility. Which treatment do those addicted to diamorphine (heroin) undergo? Patients who are addicted to diamorphine (heroin) are often treated with substitution therapy. Substitution therapy involves prescribing another medicine as a replacement for diamorphine. This allows the patient to What is the definition of substitution ther- stop using the illicit drug without suffering withdrawal symptoms. The substiapy? tutes used do not give patients the same 'high' as injecting or inhaling fumes from diamorphine. The two rationales for substitution therapy: * To get the patient to give up using diamorphine or substitutes completely. What are the two rationales for substitu* To minimise harm from drug addiction therapy? tion. Taking a prescribed heroin substitute orally is less likely to cause harm to the patient and to society than them buying and injecting street diamorphine. Which drugs are commonly used as sub- The two most widely used drugs for substitutes for diamorphine in substitution stitution therapy are buprenorphine and therapy? methadone. The drugs are often prescribed in instalments, meaning that the patient may have to collect a supply daily, every few 4/5 4PY019: PPM - Controlled Drugs Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dfgvt7 days, or once a week as determined by their prescriber. This system is designed Why are drugs prescribed in instalments to make substitution therapy safer for the for substitution therapy? patient, as well as to reduce the amount of prescribed drugs being sold illegally. 5/5