Psychotherapy and Historical Treatments in Psychology Part 2

QUESTION 25 1. At 12 months of age, Jeremy shows no more desire to be held by his own parents than by complete strangers. His behavior best illustrates object permanence . egocentrism. conservation. insecure attachment. QUESTION 26 1. Boys first begin producing sperm during puberty. the first year after birth. fetal development. embryonic development. QUESTION 27 1. What does it mean when a gene is said to be active? The gene contains DNA. The gene is hereditary. That gene is expressed. The gene is based on environmental influences. QUESTION 28 1. Responsiveness to sound begins during ________ development. fetal embry on ic ovular zygoti c QUESTION 29 1. Professor Conrad is a research specialist in the study of identity formation during adolescence. It is most likely that the professor is a ________ psychologist. clinical biological psychodyn amic developme ntal QUESTION 30 1. Lev Vygotsky emphasized that the scaffold from which children step to higher levels of thinking is language. concrete operational thinking. schemas. object permanence. QUESTION 31 1. Research on people 65 years and older has shown that the body becomes better able to fight off serious infections like pneumonia during late adulthood. most older people become increasingly fearful of death as they age. most older people experience loss of visual sharpness. most of those older than 65 reside in health care institutions such as nursing homes. QUESTION 32 1. The awareness that things continue to exist even when they are not perceived is known as a secure attachment. assimilation. conservation. object permanence . QUESTION 33 1. The loss of parental attention and care experienced by many orphaned children is likely to put them at increased risk for insecure attachments. stranger anxiety. infantile amnesia. egocentrism. QUESTION 34 1. When 1-year-old Andrea tries to talk, her mother talks back; when she smiles, her mother smiles in return. These maternal reactions are most relevant to Andrea's development of conservation. object permanence . a secure attachment. egocentrism. QUESTION 35 1. According to Piaget, people are first able to reason abstractly and think hypothetically during the concrete operational stage. before a critical period has passed. after scaffolding has occurred. during the formal operational stage. QUESTION 36 1. A mother who is consistently sensitive and responsive to her infant's cries for care and protection is most likely to encourage conservation. secure attachment . egocentrism. stranger anxiety. QUESTION 37 1. Mental health workers are most likely to consider socially unusual behavior as disordered if it is consciously motivated. personally distressful. difficult to change. biologically influenced. QUESTION 38 1. Although the DSM-5 classifies posttraumatic stress disorder separately from disorders such as panic disorder, this disorder does involve OCD. anxiety. agoraph obia. phobias. QUESTION 39 1. Which of the following is considered to be a psychotic disorder? binge-eating disorder generalized anxiety disorder schizophrenia anorexia nervosa QUESTION 40 1. An intense fear of heights is NOT considered to be a psychological disorder unless it can be reduced with prescription drugs. is a classically conditioned response. results from a genetic predisposition. interferes with effective functioning. QUESTION 41 1. Dre has paranoid delusions in which he believes all people with glasses are spying on him; he also hears voices telling him that he should hurt himself in order keep the spies away. Dre, who was diagnosed with schizophrenia, is demonstrating catatonia. positive symptoms. negative symptoms. selective attention. QUESTION 42 1. Matt is restless and often jumps out of his seat or interferes with ongoing class activities in response to the sound of outside traffic. Matt most clearly exhibits symptoms of antisocial personality disorder. attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. generalized anxiety disorder. hoarding disorder. QUESTION 43 1. Sixteen-year-old Jill loves ice cream and other rich foods, but she has become increasingly anxious about gaining too much weight. Jill frequently overeats and then intentionally vomits in an attempt to control her weight. Jill most clearly suffers from bulimia nervosa. anorexia nervosa. dissociative identity disorder. binge-eating disorder. QUESTION 44 Chelsea worries constantly that her son will be infected with germs when someone touches him. She has developed elaborate handwashing rituals so that she won't infect him, and she will not allow others to hold, talk, or play with him unless she can supervise as they wash their hands with a “special” soap. Chelsea is probably suffering from 1. generalized anxiety disorder. obsessive-compulsive disorder. specific phobia. posttraumatic stress disorder. QUESTION 45 1. After several weeks of feeling apathetic and dissatisfied with his life, Mark has suddenly become extremely cheerful and so talkative that he can't be interrupted. He seems to need less sleep and becomes irritated when his friends tell him to slow down. Mark's behavior is indicative of rumination. bipolar disorder. major depressive disorder. learned helplessness. QUESTION 46 1. Inanna suffers from chronic depression. According to the social-cognitive perspective, how is she most likely to respond when told that she performed very poorly on a test she took the previous day? “Yesterday was just my unlucky day.” “I suspect that none of the students in my class did well on that test.” “Hardly any of the professors are effective teachers.” “I'm academically incompetent and always will be.” QUESTION 47 1. A person who has agoraphobia is most likely to avoid dust and dirt. avoid being outside his or her home. stay away from fire. avoid household pets. QUESTION 48 1. Compared with men, women are much more likely to be diagnosed as suffering from disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. bipolar disorder. major depressive disorder. mania. QUESTION 49 1. The people most likely to be diagnosed with ADHD are older adult s. adolesce nts. children. young adult s. QUESTION 50 1. Psychotic disorders are most likely to be characterized by free-floating anxiety. a lack of conscience for wrongdoing. two or more distinct and alternating personalities. a loss of contact with reality.