Biology Quiz: Cell Structure, Genetics, and Organismal Biology

1) What is the relationship between an organism and its cells? A Cells are organized into body structures, and they perform basic life functions for the organism. B Cells are organized into body structures, but they do not perform basic life functions for the organism. C Cells perform basic life functions for the organism, but they are not organized into body structures. D Cells are not organized into body structures, and they do not perform basic life functions for the organism. 2) Which statement best describes how a Euglena and a Paramecium move differently? A Euglena move by using flagella, but Paramecium move by using cilia. B Euglena move by using cilia, but Paramecium move by using flagella. C Euglena move together in a colony, but Paramecium move alone. D Euglena drift in water currents, but Paramecium use flagella to control their motion. 3 Euglena can function either as a producer or as a consumer. Euglena will most likely act as a ) consumer when placed in which of these environmental conditions? A B C D low temperature acidic low oxygen no light 4 Which best describes how structures in some euglena and volvox are used to obtain energy? ) A Both use an oral groove to consume prey. B Both may contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis. C Both use flagella to seek prey. D Both travel in colonies to search for food. 5 Use the diagram below to answer question #5. ) This cell would most likely be found where? A B C D turtle shell frog leaf mushroom 6 Which best describes how plant and animal cells survive, reproduce, and carry out the basic ) functions of life? A B C D Plant and animal cells do not need molecules from food to function. Plant and animal cells do not make molecules for their own growth and repair. Plant cells make food molecules for their own growth, but animal cells do not. Plant and animal cells perform life functions such as making food molecules for growth. 7 A cell has a defect that results in the loss of its ability to control how much water, food, and ) waste enter and exits the cell. In which structure is this defect most likely located? A B C D nucleus chloroplast vacuole cell membrane 8 Which features of plant cells make them different from animal cells? ) A more cytoplasm and smaller vacuoles B larger nucleus and fewer chromosomes C rigid cell wall and chloroplasts D a changing size and irregular shape 9 Which best describes the difference in how an amoeba moves compared to euglena, ) paramecium, and volvox? A B C D Amoebas move with cilia. Amoebas move using pseudopods. Amoebas move in colonies. Amoebas move using flagella. 10 Which of these describes the organization of multi-cellular organisms from the smallest ) structure to the largest? A B C D cell → tissue → organ → system → organism organ → tissue → organism → cell → system organism → cell → tissue → organ → system cell → organ → tissue → system → organism 11 A scientist wants to study photosynthesis in a newly discovered species. Which of these ) cell structures would likely be the focus of the scientist’s research? A B C D vacuoles chloroplasts mitochondria nuclei 12 How do the circulatory system and the respiratory system depend on one another? ) A Oxygen collected by the respiratory system is carried throughout the body by the circulatory system. B Solid wastes collected by the circulatory system are carried throughout the body by the respiratory system. C Nutrients collected by the respiratory system are carried throughout the body by the circulatory system. D Carbon dioxide collected by the circulatory system is carried throughout the body by the respiratory system. 13 When Lance goes jogging, his heart rate increases to pump blood faster and supply his ) muscles with more oxygen. Which helps to maintain homeostasis in response to this increase in heart rate? A B C D an increase in digestion an increase in respiration a decrease in circulation a decrease in respiration 14 Which of these organ systems is responsible for the removal of wastes from the blood? ) A digestive B reproductive C respiratory D excretory 15 Organisms that require oxygen must transfer molecules of oxygen from their environment to ) their cells. In humans, which two systems are directly involved in the transfer of oxygen from the environment to their cells? A B C D circulatory and nervous respiratory and digestive digestive and nervous respiratory and circulatory 16 Which of these structures is not present in animal cells? ) A cell membrane B cell wall C mitochondria D nucleus 17 Which two human body systems work together to deliver nutrients to cells throughout the ) body? A B C D nervous and respiratory muscular and skeletal digestive and excretory circulatory and digestive 18)If Jessica has light eyes (bb) and both of her parents have dark eyes (Bb), which statement is true? A B C D Jessica inherited both genes from her father. Jessica inherited both genes from her mother. Jessica inherited one recessive form of the gene from each parent. Jessica inherited one dominant form of the gene from each parent. 19 Which statement about the genetic traits of humans is true? ) A Recessive forms of genes are always visible. B Visible traits are the same for each family member. C Dominant forms of genes are always inherited from both parents. D Visible traits depend on the dominant and recessive forms of genes from each parent. 20) Use the pedigree diagram below to answer question #20. The pedigree below shows the inheritance of free or attached earlobes in a family over four generations. If individuals III-1 and III-2 have another child, what is the chance that their second child will have free earlobes? A B C D 100 % 75 % 50 % 25 % 21)Which is the primary advantage of sexual reproduction when compared to asexual reproduction? A B C D There is a greater number of offspring. There is more food available to offspring. There is greater genetic variety in offspring. There is a longer development time for offspring. 22) During sexual reproduction one sperm cell unites with one egg cell to produce a fertilized egg that develops into a new organism. Which statement best describes how an offspring receives genetic information from its parents? A The offspring receives half of its genes from each parent. B The offspring receives all the genes from each parent. C The offspring receives more genes from the male parent then from the female parent. D The offspring receives more genes from the female parent than from the male parent. 23) When an asexually reproducing plant produces offspring, how does the offspring compare to the parent plant? A B C D It would contain twice as much genetic information as the parent. It would contain genes from two parents. It would contain half the genetic material from the parent. It would be identical to the parent. 24 In a genetics laboratory, two heterozygous tall plants are crossed. If tall is dominant over ) short, what would be the expected phenotypes of the offspring? A B C D 100% tall, 0% short 75% tall, 25% short 50% tall, 50% short 25% tall, 75% short 25 Solar radiation can cause skin cancer in an individual. If a man with skin cancer caused by ) solar radiation has offspring, which of these statements would be true? A B C D only the man getting skin cancer would be affected only the man and his male offspring would be affected only the man and his female offspring would be affected the man and all of his offspring would be affected 26 Which of these forms of reproduction would lead to the greatest genetic variation for the ) species? A B C D crossing a yellow flower with a white flower muscle cell undergoing mitosis a hydra budding and dividing in two a self-pollinating white flower 27 Ashley is a 9 year old girl with diabetes. Which of these would a doctor recommend to ) manage the symptoms of diabetes? A B C D maintaining a healthy diet washing her hands regularly taking antibiotics regularly limiting her amount of physical activity 28 Which statement best summarizes the structure of a tissue? ) A a group of specialized cells B organs interacting together C an organism made of organ systems D organelles within a cell structure 29 Which statement best summarizes the organization of an organ system? ) A specialized cells carrying out the basic functions of life B an organism functioning as part of a population C organs interacting to perform a body function D tissues connected together with a common function 30)After examining a woman’s family history and learning about her life style choices, a doctor concludes that the woman has a high risk of getting lung cancer. Which best explains how the doctor came to this conclusion? A B C D Pedigrees can track cigarette smoking through several generations. Both of her parents were carriers of lung cancer. Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer in women. Lung cancer can be caused by genetic and environmental factors.