Which of the Following Cranial Nerve Mediates the Corneal Reflex

Which of the following cranial nerves combination contains the afferent and efferent limbs of the corneal reflex? _ (A) II and III _ (B) III, IV, VI C _ (C) V and VII _ (D) VIII and IX _ (E) IX and X A 59-year-old man complains of persistent headache. An MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography) shows an aneurysm in the interpeduncular fossa (and cistern) arising from the basilar tip. Which of the following cranial nerves would be most directly affected by this aneurysm? _ (A) VI _ (B) III B _ (C) II _ (D) V _ (E) IV A lesion to the zygomatic branch of CN VII would cause which of the following? _ (A) the inability to empty food from the vestibule of the cheeks _ (B) a drooping corner of the mouth _ (C) a ringing in the ear _ (D) paralysis of the muscles of mastication _ (E) a drooping lower eyelid B Which of the following nerves might be damaged by a fracture involving the cavernous sinus? _ (A) olfactory tract _ (B) optic nerve _ (C) abducens nerve C _ (D) facial nerve _ (E) vestibulocochlear nerve A lumbar puncture, commonly called a “lumbar tap,” consists of a needle being inserted through an intervertebral space into the lumbar cistern to retrieve a sample of cerebrospinal fluid. Which of the following is the most likely level for the insertion of the needle? _ (A) L1–L2 _ (B) L2–L3 _ (C) L4–L5 C _ (D) S1–S2 _ (E) T12–L1 The MRI of a 49-year-old woman shows a tumor located immediately superior to the corpus callosum. This lesion is most likely located in which of the following lobes? _ (A) Frontal _ (B) Limbic _ (C) Occipital A _ (D) Parietal _ (E) Temporal A 69-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department. The daughter reports that her mother suddenly seemed to be unable to speak. The examination reveals that the woman has a nonfluent aphasia. A sagittal MRI shows a lesion in which of the following gyri? _ (A) Angular _ (B) Inferior frontal B _ (C) Lateral one-third of the precentral _ (D) Middle frontal _ (E) Supramarginal Which of the following Brodmann areas represents the primary somatosensory cortex? _ (A) Areas 3, 1, 2 _ (B) Area 4 _ (C) Area 17 A _ (D) Area 22 _ (E) Area 40 The collection of posterior and anterior roots that occupy the lumbar cistern are collectively known as which of the following? _ (A) Cauda equina _ (B) Conus medullaris A _ (C) Denticulate ligament _ (D) Filum terminale externum _ (E) Filum terminale internum A 64-year-old man awakens with a profound weakness of his right hand. The man is transported by ambulance to a major medical center, a distance of 240 miles and taking several hours. About 2.5 hours after his arrival, an MRI shows a small lesion in the cerebral cortex. Which of the following gyri represents the most likely location of this lesion? _ (A) Anterior paracentral _ (B) Medial one-third of precentral _ (C) Middle frontal D _ (D) Middle one-third of precentral _ (E) Lateral one-third of precentral Which of the following portions of the ventricular system does not contain choroid plexus? _ (A) Cerebral aqueduct _ (B) Fourth ventricle _ (C) Lateral ventricle _ (D) Interventricular foramen _ (E) Third ventricle A A 71-year-old man presents with aphasia. MRI reveals a lesion in Brodmann area 44. As this lesion expands, due to edema, and impinges on the immediately adjacent cortical areas, which of the following deficits would most likely be seen? _ (A) Loss of hearing in one ear _ (B) Numbness and prickly sensation on the hand _ (C) Visual field deficits in both eyes D _ (D) Weakness of facial muscles _ (E) Weakness of the upper extremity 1.) What do the archicerebellum or vestibulocerebellum do? Archicerebellum maintains balance; connections with vestibular and reticular nuclei through inferior cerebral peduncle Vestibulocerebellum mediates excitation of limb extensor muscles; tract originates from ipsilateral lateral vestibular nucleus- descends from vestib. Nuclei 2.) What are the afferents to the red nucleus? a. Paleocerebellum via superior cerebellar penduncle (which receive dorsal spinocerebellar + ventral spinocerebellar) (contralateral) b. Neocerebellum which receives fibers from the pontocerebellar (contralateral) c. Motor cortex 3.) What are the efferents from the red nucleus? a. Ventral tegmental area (contralateral) b. Inferior Olivary Nucleus (ipsilateral) 4.) What are the afferents to the Olivary Nucleus? a. Frontal cortex b. Red nucleus (ipsilateral) c. Spinal cord d. Vestibular nuclei 5.) What are the efferents from the Olivary Nucleus? Cerebellum (contralateral) via the inferior cerebellar penduncle 6.) What would a lesion in the right visual cortex cause? a. Left homonymous hemianopsia maybe contralateral homonymous hemianopsia 7.) The ventral spinocerebellar tract enters the cerebellum through The superior cerebellar peduncle 8.) Which of these nuclei forms the lateral wall of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle? The head of the caudate nucleus 9.) Which nerve originates from the preolivary sulcus? Hypoglossal nerve 10.) What nucleus is this? a. oculomotor nucleus