Biology Full Semester Part 3

In various species of grouse, the males come to a common site called a(n) ____ and there they attempt to attract mates by inflating sir sacs and chasing other males - lek in various species of grouse, the males come to a common site called and attempt to attract mates by inflating air sacs and chasing other males - lek Increasing spring temperatures have caused the annual first dates of calling by frogs in New York to _________ by 10-13 days. - be earlier increasing spring temps have caused the annual first dates of calling by frogs in NY to by 1013 days - be earlier insectivorous mammals with very high metabolic rates that are found in eastern deciduous forest of north america - shrews intracellular digestion is characteristic of - sponges introduced nile monitor in florida may possibly become a threat to native - burrowing owls invention of around 1870 had a major effect on land use patterns in the great plains - barbed wire Islands, in general, are characterized by having _________________ - high extinction rates It is easier to farm species that are naturally ________ because they can be housed in groups. - gregarious It is now well known that ____ places have fewer species. - temperate zone it is now well known that places have fewer species - temperate zone It takes _______ to produce one ton of cattle. - 14 months Jaegers and Skuas feed on mammals and birds and are actually closely related to _____. shorebirds jaegers and skuas feed on mammals and birds are actually closely related to - shorebirds janet larsen of the earth policy institute wrote that in the 50 years up to 2002, had lost about 40% of its forest cover - indonesia janet larson of earth policy institute wrote that in the year 2000, the us imported as much as $330 million in logs taken illegally from indonesia - true john terborgh found that out of nearly 1500 species of plants only were crucial to sustain most animals in a rainforest - 12 keystone species in many new world tropical forests - figs kingdom of species with prokaryotic cells - monera kinglets are a family found only in the old world - false koalas and sloths save energy by spending up to hours a day motionless - 22 koalas kakapos indri lemurs and sloths are or leaf eaters - folivores Kookaburras are related to the _______. - kingfishers kookaburras are related to the - kingfishers kyoto protocol is an agreement among nations to cut greenhouse gas emissions, the us agreed to join - false Ladybird beetles were introduced to _______ to control a leaf scale insect that was destroying native cedar trees. - Bermuda Lampreys and hagfishes belong to the class ______. - Agnatha lampreys and hagfishes belong to the class - agnatha Land managers cleared pinyon-juniper woodland in the Piceance Basin using _____________________. - chaining and burning largest family that is found just in the new world - tyrannidae largest species of sea turtles - leatherback last species of bird described in the us - cape sable seaside sparrow leaf eaters typically produce just one small offspring which grows very slowly and is dependent on its mother for a long time - true Leopold's model of resource use was based on management of upland game populations, habitat management and __________. - control of hunting leopolds classic treatise on game management argues for the use of natural resources without destroying the possibility of future generations using them - true leopolds model of resource use was based on management of upland game, habitat management and - control of hunting less - effective/discriminating less evolutionarily advanced salamanders are mostly - acquatic Levels of important greenhouse gases have increased by about __ percent in the last 150 years. - 25 levels of several important gases have increased by about percent in the last 150 years - 25% limpkins are in the same group as - rails Limpkins are in the same group as the ______. - rails lizards feed on eggs, small mammals and birds - monitor lizards with specifically adapted toe pads for clinging to vertical surfaces - geckos long legs a long neck and large ears are adaptations of both the serval and the maned wolf for - pinpointing the location of rodents in tall grass long tailed and short winged acrobatic fliers that mostly feed on birds - accipiters Loons have suffered declines on their breeding grounds due to ______. - acid rain loons have suffered declines on their breeding grounds due to - acid rain low survival rates of young birth defects and increased susceptibility to diseases in zoo animals are attributed to - inbreeding lower part of atmosphere - troposphere main characteristic of deserts is high temperatures - false main food of limpkins is - mollusks main prey of polar bears - seals main tree in old growth forests of pacific northwest is not the giant sequoia - true main trees in temperate forest of australia are evergreens - true major focus of international snow leopard trust has been to - identify ways to reduce leopard predation on livestock major gas associated with global warming is - co2 majority of gases produced by - burning fossil fuels Malaria is caused by a _____. - protist malaria is caused by a - protist Male Sage Grouse have ____ as a sexually selected trait. - colored air sacs male sage grouse have as a sexually selected trait - colored air sacs Mammals all have ___ cervical vertebrae. - 7 Mammals all have _________ dentition. - heterodont Mammals are characterized by having __ occipital condyles. - 2 Mammals have ____________ jaw articulation. - dentary-squamosal maned wolf is a predator of grasslands in - south america many bird species that nest in the temperate forest are considered neotropical migrants - true Many ecologists argue that ecological efficiencies are about ___%. - 10 many ecologists argue that ecological efficiencies are about - 10% many markets in indochina now only sell birds bats and frogs because - large animals are nearly gone Many markets in Indochina now only sell birds, bats and frogs because _____________. large animals are nearly gone many species of cloud forest frogs have declined or gone extinct in costa rica - True marmosets and tamarins occur in - south america mattoral is a sub-biome of western africa - false McNabb argued that flightlessness was common in islands because of ______________________. - reduced energy expenditures mechanisms for sexual selection follow - 2 Meerkats are indigenous to the ______ desert. - Kalahari Members of the genus Paranthropus apparently became specialized for a diet of _____________. - roots and tubers members of the heron and egret group are characterized by having ______. - naked lores members of the heron and egret group are characterized by having - naked lores methods for conserving biodiversity include reducing carbon emissions - true mexican parrot snake is a type of forager - seize and swallow Modern ________ are thought to be most like the first mammals. - insectivores moloch is a lizard that bears a close resemblance to in north america - horned lizards monkeys of the new world are arboreal foliovores - howler monkeys of the old world are arboreal foliovores - colobus mordern order squamata likely descended from the fossil reptile group - archosauria most common reason why so many creatures cant be reintroduced is - habitat is gone Most examples of successful wildlife ranching operations are confined to ________________ regions. - Tropical and temperate savanna most gaseous nitrogen in atmosphere exists in form of - n2 most grazers can only be harvested at 10% but the capybaras high reproductive rate allows them to be harvested at a rate of - 30% Most observations of climate change responses in plants and animals have involved alterations in species' phenologies, otherwise known _______________. - as timing of events most observations of climate change responses on plants and animals have involved alterations in species phenologies - timing of events Most of the gaseous nitrogen in the atmosphere exists in the form of ____. - N2 Most scientists think the Earth is __ years old - 4.5 Billion Most scientists think the earth is ___ years old. - 4.5 billion. most scientists think the earth is - 4.5 billion years old most serious leaf eaters have leaf digesting bacteria in their gut - true Most tanagers are found in __________. - south america most tanagers are found in - south america most woodpecker species have 3 toes - false Most woodpecker species have three toes. - false most woodpeckers have feet with toes - 4 mostly pelagic species in the shorebird group that feed by diving for fish - alcids multicellularity might have evolved by incomplete cell division - true multicellularity might have evolved by incomplete cell division. - true multicellularity might have evolved from coloniality - true Multicellularity might have evolved from coloniality. - true mynas and starlings belong to a family that is widespread on oceanic islands but absent from africa - false Mynas and Starlings belong to a family that is widespread on oceanic islands but absent from africa. - false myrmecophagous mammals are those that eat chiefly - ants and termites Native birds in Hawaii were infected with ____ transmitted by mosquitoes. - Malaria native birds in hawaii were infected with by mosquitoes - malaria native species of crows and jays in new zealand - 0 Neanderthals apparently were adapted for feeding on __________. - large mammals new holland honey-eater is native to - australia new world and old world monkeys have been isolated since the epoch - eocene nightjars and twany frogmouth are members of the group known as - goatsuckers nile crocodile is the largest crocodile species in - africa no native species of chameleons in madagascar - false North American Gnatcatchers are in the same family as the _______. - Old World warblers north american gnatcatchers are in the same family as the - old world warblers north american grasslands fall into broad zones - 3 northern grasslands once supported buffalo - 60 million northern mockingbird is most closely related to - thrashers Northern mockingbirds were introduced successfully to _____. - Hawaiian Islands northern mockingbirds were introduced successfully to - hawaiian islands northern spotted owls feed chiefly on - wood rats not a tetrapod - sea lamprey not be able to migrate or change behavior - true Numbats feed almost exclusively on _______________. - ants and termites Numerous species of flightless ____ evolved on oceanic islands. - rails numerous species of flightless evolved on oceanic islands - rails nuthatches and creepers are members of the same family - false Of the following ____ is the greenhouse gas most affected by human activities. - CO2 Of the following groups only the _____________ have a non-opposable thumb. - New World Monkeys of the following only the are true arboreal followers - sloths Of the following the ___ is not a tetrapod. - sea lamprey Of the following, ____________ is an example of a species that is endangered by roads in Florida. - black bear Of the following, pigs are most closely related to _____. - deer of the ratites only has just two toes - ostrich Of the ratites only the ____ has just two toes. - ostrich Of the sea turtles only the ____ is chiefly herbivorous. - green sea turtle of the sea turtles only the is chiefly herbivorous - green sea turtle old and new world monkeys differ especially in the structure of the - nose old growth forests of the pacific northwest have evolved in conjunction with - an orographic effect On Madagascar the _____ is a tree climbing predatory species of the Old World weasel family Viverridae. - Vassa once called the pigeon hawk - merlin Once the Pinyon-juniper woodland was cleared the areas were seeded with _________________. - crested wheatgrass One author hypothesized that Neanderthals may have had a gestation period of ____ months. - 11-12 one of the least successful reintroduction programs involved the - european barn owl one of the major factors that causes a shift to non sustainable hunting is when nomadic tribes become - sedentary One of the major factors that causes a shift to non-sustainable hunting is when nomadic tribes become ___________. - sedentary one of the most evocative features of a cute animal - large eyes one of the most successful reintroduction programs involved - arabian oryx one species of bird with a keen sense of smell - turkey vulture One ton of rabbits can be produced in ___________. - 3 months only species of vertebrates have - true bone Oparin converted elemental nitrogen, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen to ____. - amino acids oparin converted nitro, oxy, and hydro to - amino acids Oparin did experiments in ____. - chemical evolution oparin did experiments in - chemical evolution Orangutans are native to ________. - Southeast Asia orangutans are native to - borneo and sumatra organisms that formed the white cliffs of dover - foraminiferans Origins of domestic stock date back _____ years. - 12,000 other characteristics besides cuteness can make a species more attractive for instance makes an animal more endearing - large size Otters belong to the same family as the _____. - Fisher owls have feet that are oriented like those of - woodpeckers Owls have feet that are oriented like those of the ______. - woodpeckers Pacas are tropical ______. - rodents paclitaxel is used as an anti agent - cancer Paclitaxel is used as an anti-______ agent. - cancer Parthenogenesis is seen in about 1/3 of the species in the lizard genus _____. cnemidophorous parthenogenesis is seen in about 1/3 of the species in the lizard genus - cnemidophorus passerine birds that forage by impaling small animals on thorns - shrikes passerine species similar to swifts - swallows pasteur bent necks of glass flasks to prevent from reaching water - bacteria Pasteur bent the slender necks of glass flasks to prevent _____ from reaching sterile water. bacteria Pasteur did an experiment to show that there was no ___. - spontaneous generation pasteur did an experiment to show there was no spontaneous generation - true pelagic bird like the tubenoses live - far out at sea Pelagic birds like the Tubenoses live ______. - far out at sea penguins koalas giant pandas monkeys and meercats all score high on the attractiveness scale because they often sit upright or walk on two limbs - true period of first vascular plants - silurian Petrels are related to ______. - Shearwaters petrels are related to - shearwaters Pharyngeal gill slits are a characteristic of just the _____. - Chordates pharyngeal gill slits are a characteristic of just the - chordates Photosynthesis is essentially _____. - carbon fixation photosynthesis is essentially - carbon fixation Pigeons and doves on islands have commonly shifted their diets toward feeding on more _____. - fruit Pigment molecules are found in the ___. - chloroplasts pigment molecules are found in the - chloroplasts Plants invaded during the ______. - Paleozoic plants invaded land during the - paleozoic plants take up inorganic nitrates and convert them to organic compounds - assimilation Plants take up inorganic nitrates and convert them to organic compounds in a process known as ____. - assimilation plants take up water from soil and move it to atmosphere - transpiration plastron refers to part of a turtles - shell pleistocene epoch ended roughly - 8000 years ago prehensile tails are typical of monkeys - larger new world Primate populations in Equatorial Guinea have been reduced by ___ in some areas. - 90% primate populations in equatorial guinea have been reduced by in some areas - 90% process that occurs in a temperate forest following a fire or some other form of natural deforestation - secondary succession prof larry harris who wrote a classic book entitled "the fragmented forest" was a prof at UF true Prokaryortic cells contain _____. - RNA prokaryotic cells contain - rna protenoid spheres could have evolved via - self assembly protists involved in forming red tides - dinoflagellates Protosomes have ____ cleavage. - spiral protosomes have cleavage - spiral pseudocoelom is typical of the - nematodes python introduced to the everglades and apparently is becoming established there - burmese Pythons differ from boas in that boas are _____. - live-bearers pythons differ from boas in that boas are - live bearers rabbit an example of - primary consumer ratfishes belong to the same vertebrate class as - sharks Ratfishes belong to the same vertebrate class at the _____. - sharks Ratite birds are characterized by having a _____. - flat sternum ratite birds are characterized by having a - flat sternum Recent climate trends in mountainous areas in Central and South America have produced optimal conditions for chytrid _______, which is the likely cause of amphibian extinctions. fungus recent climate trends in mountainous areas in central and south america have produced optimal conditions for which is likely cause of Recent discoveries indicate that the limb structure of Dryopithecus was similar to that of modern ________. - Orangutans redi did an experiment to show that meat didnt produce maggots by process of - spontaneous generation Redi's experiment involved denying ___ access to decaying meat. - flies Redi's experiment involved denying ____ access to decaying meat. - files Redpolls are in the same group as the ________. - red-crested cardinal redpolls are in the same group as the - red-crested cardinal Reducing carbon emissions can help to reduce ______________. - global warming reducing carbon emissions can help to reduce - global warming reids experiment involved denying access to meat - flies reintroduction is not a viable option for the majority of species threatened with extinction true Rheas have _____ toe per foot. - 3 rheas have toes per foot - 3 Rhizobium is an example of a ____ that plays a role in nitrogen fixation. - bacteria Rhizobium is an example of a that plays a role in nitrogen fixation - bacteria Rhizobium is found in nodules in association with _____ plants. - legume Rhizobium is found in nodules in association with - legumes Richard Kilitie found a relationship between frequency of forest fires and the ________________ of Fox Squirrels. - amount of black fur richard yahner of penn state wrote a book that classified eastern deciduous forests into categories - 4 rodents pangolins and primates make up about of the bushmeat taken in west and central africa - 1/4 Rodents, Pangolins and Primates make up about ___ of the bushmeat taken in west and central Africa. - 1/4 roseate spoonbills are in the same group as - herons Roseate Spoonbills are in the same group as the ______. - herons rotifers are characterized by having a - pseudocoelom roughly species of caecilians - 165 roughly species of salamanders - 310 Salamanders reach their highest diversity in _____. - Northern hemisphere salamanders reach their highest diversity in - northern hemisphere scavenger that may occasionally kill and eat mammals - komodo dragon Schmidt's Spot-nosed Guenon is a species of ____________. - Old World Monkeys scientists agree that many species thought to be keystone species to their ecosystem seem to be - unobtrusive rare and little known scientists are able to compare levels of gases from thousands of years ago by analyzing - ice cores Scientists are able to compare levels of greenhouse gases from thousands of years ago with present day levels by analyzing __________. - ice cores scientists at the reported that woodcock were declining due to forest maturation throughout the eastern deciduous forest - ruffed grouse society Scientists conducted domestication experiments on Paca in _______. - Panama Scientists have concluded that human consumption of __________ is the major force driving global warming. - fossil fuels scientists have concluded that human consumption of is the major force driving global warming - fossil fuels sea ducks of the high arctic that are adapted fir diving and feeding on invertebrates - eiders Sea Lampreys invaded the Great Lakes following ________________. - construction of canals sea otters eat many which are harmful graziers in kelp forests - sea urchins seasonality is an important characteristic of the biome - temperate forest Seeds evolved during the _____. - Paleozoic seeds evolved during the - paleozoic Several captively bred California Condors have been released in ______. - Arizona several captively bred california condors have been released in - arizona shorebirds that feed by spinning around in the water to stir up food items - phalaropes shrew-moles are a characteristic species of - old growth forests Shrikes are found worldwide except for _____. - australia shrikes are found worldwide except for - australia site for aerobic respiration in eukaryotes - mitochondria Sivapithecus fossils have been found mostly in ______. - India Sloths are adapted for a diet of _______. - leaves sloths iguanas and possibly other folivores use to raise their body temp to normal - solar heat sluggish insect gleaning foragers - vireos Smaller fragments of habitat might not support a species because there is _____________. not enough food Smaller fragments tend to have relatively more ______, which can increase predation pressure. - edge Smaller lizards are mostly adapted for feeding on _____. - insects smaller turtles are mostly adapted for feeding on - insects Snake venom is made of _____. - proteins snake venom is made of - proteins snow leopards are often forced to kill domestic livestock because local people shoot and tap and animals that make up their natural prey - true so-called dust bowl of the early twentieth century was the result of - poor farming practices so-called fynbos occur in - south africa so-called thorny devil is a lizard indigenous to - australia some ammonia is materialized as - nh4+ Some ammonia is mineralized as ______. - NH4+ some folivores use as another way to save energy - loud calls some nitrogen is fixed by lightning - true Some nitrogen is fixed by the action of lightning. - true Some of Pasteur's sterile water flasks are still on display today. - True some of pasteurs flasks are still on display today - true some reptiles exhibit temperature sex determination - true sonoma and red tree voles live only - south of the columbia river sound hunting technique of the serval is so well developed that these cats cant hunt in windy weather - true spadefoot toads are native to - north america Species are more resilient to harvest if they ____________. - can recolonize easily species are more resilient to harvest if they - can recolonize easily species causing widespread destruction of habitat in tundra - snow geese species closely related to terns that feed by flying low with their lower mandible in the water skimmers species in the group catarrhini are - old world monkeys species in the group platyrrhini are - new world monkeys Species in the Pelican- Cormorant (Pelecaniformes) group have ____ feet. - totipalmate species in the pelican-cormorant group have feet - totipalmate Species most suitable for farming have some of the same characteristics as species that might become _____. - pests species of chameleon has been introduced to florida - true species of conifers grow to heights in excess of 200 feet in the old growth forests - 10 species of deer in which both males and females have antlers - caribou species of kiwi - 3 species of mergansers in north america - 3 species of poison arrow frog has been successfully introduced to the baltimore area where it has implicated in the reduction of roaches - false species of waxwings worldwide - 3 species survival plan (ssp) is a - computerized mating system for zoo animals Species that are vulnerable to local extinction are usually __________. - large-bodied species that are vulnerable to local extinction are usually - large bodied Species that occur in one place and are not known to occur anywhere else are said to be ______ to that area. - endemic Species with ___ intrinsic rates of population increase are less resilient to harvest. - low species with intrinsic rates of population increase are less resilient to harvest - low spring in alaska now arrives 2 weeks earlier than in 1950 - true Stanley Miler was able to produce synthetic ___. - amino acids Stanley Miller combined methane and ____ in water, in his experiment. - ammonia stanley miller was able to produce synthetic - amino acids stanley milller combined methane and in water - ammonia Structures in different species such as the wings of insects and bats, are said to be analogous as they ____. - have different embryological origins structures in different species such as the wings of insects and bats, are said to be analogous as they - have different embryological origins subsistence hunting occurs when forest people sell the animals they kill to other people living in the same village - false sustainable hunting occurs when people hunt for the sole purpose of providing for themselves and their family - false Sustainable use of alligators generates ___________ per year. - $60 million swan and geese plumage - monochromatic Swans and geese tend to be plumage _____. - monochromatic switch grass is typical of prairie - midgrass symbiotic relationship between plant and Rhizobium is - mutualistic