KEY Mankind: The Story of All of Us Vikings in America Episode 8: “New World” 00:00 – 7:26 1. When the Vikings arrived in America, what tribe did they find?  the Innu 2. Describe what happened between the Vikings and the tribe in question 1.  Vikings attacked and slaughtered eight of the Innu  The Innu counterattacked and killed Thorvald Erickson Tenochtitlan of the Aztecs 7:26 – 16:43 3. Why did the Aztecs prefer to take their captives alive?  so they could pay a debt of blood to their gods  so he could fight in public later 4. The Aztec’s weapon was made of obsidian. Tlahuicole was made of feathers. Why do you think the Aztec’s did it this way? 5. The Aztecs didn’t only enjoy fighting. What else did their civilization admire?  the arts, mathematics, philosophy – culture At this point, they sacrifice Tlahuicole’s heart. It’s pretty gory. I would not show it in class. 6. What did the Aztecs believe they would get for sacrificing Tlahuicole’s heart to the sun god Huitzilopochtli?  a more bountiful harvest – of corn Siege of Constantinople 16:43 – 25:35 7. Why was Constantinople so prosperous and powerful?  It controlled most of the spice trade into Europe (they point out that pepper made up 2/3 of the spice trade into Europe) 8. Sultan Mehmet II’s big challenge was to take down the walls of Constantinople. To do this, he used non‐stop artillery bombardment. Describe this attack.  They shot cannonballs all the time, in shifts. The stone cannonballs broke against the walls, knocked them down, while the defenders struggled to rebuild. 9. Once their key trade route fell to the Ottomans, how did the Europeans respond?  They started exploring to try and find new trade routes. Bartholomew Diaz and the Cape of Good Hope 25:35 – 31:53 10. What advantage does a triangular lateen sale have?  You can sail against the wind – (in the video, this helps Diaz avoid hitting things if wind conditions don’t go your way) 11. What is an ocean gyre?  currents that run through the ocean Christopher Columbus Meets the Taino 31:54 – 37:11 Note: The first part of Columbus’s journey is featured in Episode 6: “Survivors” 12. What    13. What  things interested Columbus the most in his first meeting with the Taino? That the people kept calling on God and believed they’d come from heaven. That they became attached to the Spanish explorers. The gold rings that hung from their noses. major problem did the Europeans introduce into the Americas? disease Hernan Cortes and His Conquest of the Aztecs 37:11 – 44:11 14. Cortes was invited into Montezuma’s throne room. What was his plan?  to kidnap the emperor 15. The Aztecs held a revolt against their captive emperor. Cortes tried to get Montezuma to stop the revolt. How did that work out?  They stoned the emperor 16. More than any other weapon, helped Cortes defeat the Aztecs.  smallpox/disease