Senses Tool

Senses Tool Senses tool consists from parts form nerve Which useful For accept excitatory from environment surroundings. Parts Which on duty accept stimulate from system nerve That called receptor. Receptor is cell nerve sensory (recipient excitatory) Which spread in all over surface body And become One form tool senses. Tool senses Which We know, that is eye, ear, tongue, And nose. Every receptor Which form tool senses only accept Wrong One type change Which detected from the environment. That's why, gathering receptor Which form tool senses, given Name based on type stimulus Which accepted. A number of receptor (cell nerve sensory) Which form tool senses That, between other following This. 1) photoreceptors, cell nerve sensory recipient excitatory light. 2) Chemoreceptors, cell nerve sensory recipient excitatory substance chemistry. 3) thermoreceptor, cell nerve sensory recipient excitatory temperature. 4) Mechanoreceptors, recipient excitatory physique form pressure, touch, And vibration. In side That, receptor shared become two part based on origin stimulus Which accepted. Receptor Which accept And detect stimulus Which coming from outside the environment are called exteroceptors. Receptor groups included exteroceptor This, that is cells nerve sensory Which there is on eye, ear, skin, tongue, And nose, whereas group receptor Which accept stimulus (excitatory) from in the environment called interoceptor. Group receptor Which including interoceptor is cells nerve Which accept excitatory pressure blood And flavor hungry. After You know distribution receptors Which outlined in on, with easy for you can follow description furthermore about tools senses following. 1. Skin as Tool Taste On skin man there is five type cell nerve sensory Which works as receptor, that is recipient excitatory or recipient information from outside, between other receptor For feel touch, movement, pressure, flavor Sick, And temperature (hot And cold). Picture 1 Skin And the receptors. a. Touch Receptor Touch receptor, Which called corpusculus/body meisner, located in part lower layer epidermis. Location receptor This No The same like Which found on tongue or end finger. Receptor touch can feel excitatory form pressure light on skin so that impulse Which be delivered to brain will translated form message For differentiate flavor fine, rough, soft, And hard. Receptor other on skin, Also found on base hair. Message Which arrested by end nerve This form message direction movement hair Which caused blow wind or consequence exists touch. Receptor touch spread No equally on skin so that There is part Which very sensitive to excitatory touch, There is also part Which not enough so sensitive. Receptor touch Lots there is on part end finger hand And foot, as well as on part palm hand And foot. b. Receptor Pressure Receptor pressure consists from corpusculus vater And body Pacini. Receptor pressure is end nerve Which location in adjacent part in skin Which called dermis. End cell nerve receptor This only can stimulated if happen pressure And vibration Which Enough strong. c. Flavor Sick Receptor Receptor Which works For accept stimulation flavor Sick there is on layers epidermis And dermis. Receptor This spread No equally on part skin body man so that There is part skin Which not enough sensitive to flavor Sick. Receptor This very useful For system defense body, Because can give message if happen stimulation form flavor Sick Which damage organ body. d. Receptor Temperature On skin body man Also found receptor For accept message form hot and cold feeling. These receptors are also called thermoreceptors. Ability thermoreceptor For accept excitatory nature qualitative so that You No Possible differentiate in a way Certain temperature Which felt. Receptor This consists on corpusculus body ruffini Which feel flavor hot And end nerve krause Which feel temperature cold . Ability fast And slow receptor Also very influenced when accept or release hot. Atmosphere hot new can felt if receptor move from condition cold, whereas atmosphere cold new can felt if new move from condition Which hot. 2. Tongue (Taster Tools) On tongue man there is various receptor Which its function different, like receptor Which sensitive to flavor Sick, touch, And taste various flavor. Receptor For accept various flavor on tongue is receptor Which nature special. On tongue, receptors flavor That called bud flavor Which is receptor Which very sensitive to exists excitatory Which form chemistry-substance (kemoreseptor). Bud taster Which there is on gaps bulge tongue called papilla. If You want to prove matter This, You can see surface tongue Friend You with use glass magnifier. Papilla tongue can You feel it as protrusions Which No regular on surface tongue. Every bud taster tongue own sensitivity Which different to flavor. Bud taster Which there is on surface end tongue feel sweet And salty. Part base tongue feel bitter, whereas on part side surface tongue (left And right) feel sour. 3. Nose (Sense tool) In in cavity nose part on there is edges cell nerve smell. Edges cell nerve smell This be equipped with hairs fine on part the end And covered layer mucus as moisturizer. Edges cell nerve smell in in cavity nose coated fluid thin. Stimulation form smell can accepted if has late in fluid the. In side That, edges cell nerve smell in in cavity nose very sensitive to stimulation substances chemistry Which form gas or steam (chemoreceptor). Process happen smell, at first substance chemistry carried away by air enter to in cavity nose. After late in membrane mucus Then accepted And brought by nerves smell to brain For translated. With thereby, gas Which enter earlier can detected. Indra smell on man sensitive to various type smell, like smell rancid, fragrant, rotten, And smell Which other. Sensitivity senses on a number of animal like wolf, dog, or tiger more strong compared to with man. Animal- animal the own sensitivity senses smell Which very sharp so that can detect smell Which is at on distance Which Enough Far even can reach dozens meters. 4. Ear (Listener tool) Actually What Which We call hear No other is ability cell nerve receptor on ear For detect vibration Which normal We call voice. Vibration can arrested receptor by ear through air. Ear divided become three part, that is ear outside, middle, And in. Ear part outside consists on leaf ear And burrow Ears function to help capture stimuli in the form of vibrations wave voice Which carried away together air in surroundings. On ear part middle filled by air, And ear part in filled by fluid lymph. For know more clear every part ear, will outlined together discussion about mechanism happen voice. a. Outside of Ear Part Ear part outside works accommodate vibration And continue it to ear part middle. Ear part outside consists on a number of part, that is leaf ear (pinnae), channel ear outside (burrow ear), And drum ear. 1) Leaf ear The earlobe or pinnae is the thin part of the ear the shape similar funnel. Leaf ear arranged by bones vulnerable Which nature flexible. 2) Hole And channel ear outside This part of the ear is a short channel. On the surface be equipped by hairs. Throughout channel This produce sort of substance candle Which works For prevent entry object foreign, like dust or animal. Substance candle That can become poison for animals Which try enter to in ear. 3) Drums ears Drum ear is part ear outside Which form membrane or membrane thin. Drum ear located in part end in channel ear outside border with ear part middle. b. Middle of Part Middle Vibration Which originate from drum ear, distributed through ear part middle. Besides That, ear middle Also works as tool regulator balance body, like arrange balance pressure air outside And pressure air Which there is in in ear. Successor vibration on ear part middle is bones hearing Which consists on bone hammer (malleus), bone base (incus), And bone stirrup (stapes). Vibration will continued by bone stirrup to ear part in Which called window oval. In side third type bone Which mentioned earlier, in in ear part middle there is channel containing air Which works For connect ear with cavity mouth. Channel liaison This called channel eustachius. With exists channel eustachius This, circumstances pressure air in in ear And pressure air outside can equalized. c. Inside of Ear Part On ear part in there is a row room And channel Which containing fluid. Ear part in This divided become two part with function Which different. On part on ear in there is three channel half circle Which works For tool balance, whereas in part lower ear in there is channel form House snail (cochlea). In in cochlea there is cells nerve sensory Which connected to brain by nerve hearing. 5. Eye (Vision tools) The eyes function as a means of recognizing color and shape. This matter possible with receptor special light Which called photoreceptors. Every eye have something layer receptor, that is lens For focus light on receptor light, And cells nerve For deliver impulse from receptor to brain. Retina eye arranged by not enough more 125 million cell stem (cell bacillus) Which capable accept excitatory light Which No colored, And not enough more 6.5 million cell cone (cell cone) Which capable accept excitatory ray Which colored. Table 1 Parts Eye And Its function On cell stem there is pigment Which sensitive to excitatory light, called rhodopsin, that is form compound between vitamin Awith something proteins. Rodopsin will but If caught ray bright, whereas in circumstances Which dark rhodopsin will formed return. On process formation rhodopsin needed time adaptation rhodopsin. On moment adaptation, eye not enough can see with clear. On cell cone Also there is pigment Which called iodopsin that is kind pigment Which formed from compound retinin And optin. There is three type cell cone Which each sensitive to excitatory color red, green, And blue. From combination third color That, We can accept spectrum color purple until red. If cell cone experience damage person Which experience it will suffer blind color. There is two type type blind color, that is dichromate And monochromat. Blind color dichromate only have two cell cone And the sufferer called suffer blind color part. Because only can see combination spectrum two color just, whereas blind color monochromat is person Which only can differentiate color black And white or shadow gray. How? mechanism see something object? If eye We see something object Which the distance near, muscle ciliary eye We will contract. Lens will thickened For can catch light Which enter to in eye so that object Which near can focused on retina. Different case when eye We see object object Which the distance Far, muscle ciliary eye precisely will relax. Lens eye become flat And object will focused on retina, like shown in picture. Convex And sunken it lens eye can experience change. Process convex And sunken it eye caused contraction And relaxation muscles ligament (body ciliary) Which attached on ball eye. With ability lens eye For convex And concave so focus lens eye with itself can fickle. Ability eye like That called Power accommodation lens eye. Eyes is said normal when can focus the rays aligned which come in to eyes The rays aligned that will forming shadow thing at retina (dots yellow) until thing which seen will seen clear The situation like that called by term emmetropa. Meanwhile, the human eye can experience some abnormalities caused by a reason certain. Disorder on eyes can give rise to disturbance on sight Be found some abnormality which happened on eyes between another as the following. 1) Eye Old (Presbyopia) Presbyopia is abnormality eye Which happen as consequence No its flexible eye lens. This makes the accommodation of the eye lens very difficult catch object Which Far nor near so that shadow object Which formed No fall appropriate on retina. Abnormalities eye presbyopia can helped use glasses lensed eye double two. 2) Myopic Near (Hyperopia) On disturbance eye hyperopia circumstances the retina more short from distance normally. Matter the cause shadow object Which formed lens eye No focused fall appropriate on retina, but fall in behind retina. Disturbance eye hyperopia can helped with glasses lens convex or lens positive. 3) Myopia (Myopic Far) Reason abnormality eye myopia Because ball eye shaped oval And more long from circumstances normally so that with circumstances like That, distance between lens eye And retina become more Far. Matter This result shadow Which formed fall in front retina. Disturbance eye myopia can helped with use glasses lensed sunken or lens negative. 4) Astigmatism Astigmatism happen Because form arch on surface cornea No equally. Stripes vertical And horizontally No can focused in a way simultaneity. Abnormalities eye astigmatism can helped with use glasses lensed cylindrical.