Nonspecific Defense Mechanism

Nonspecific Defense Mechanism Every object foreign Which enter body First time will face by mechanism defense nonspecific. Mechanism This own two line defense that is line defense First And line defense second. 1. Line Defense First Line defense First do filtering And extermination to things foreign Which try enter body. Filtering This done by skin, membrane mucosa, And secretion skin And membrane. a. Skin Skin covered cells epithelium Which very meeting. Skin Which normal No can penetrated by bacteria And virus. Microorganisms only can enter through skin If Already wounded. Pay attention Skin own condition A little sour with pH 5 And temperature not enough from 37o. Condition difficult bacteria And virus For can still life in surface skin. Besides That, layer cells Which dead make surface skin always change so that bacteria Which is at in surface skin the Also always wasted with cell Which dead. b. Membrane mucosa Membrane mucosa coating channel digestion, channel respiration, channel sex And channel excretion. Just like skin, mucous membranes cannot penetrated by bacteria and viruses because of one membrane And membrane other very meeting. Besides That, membrane mucosa Also oppose bacteria with defense chemical. Mucous membranes produce mucus is a thick liquid for binding and agglomerate bacteria. Blob This Then will thrown away by body in form fluid thick. c. Secretion Skin And Membrane Mucosa Skin capable secrete proteins anti microbes like lysozyme. Besides That, skin be equipped saliva on area mouth, water eye in area eye And secretion mucosa on parts other. All secretion This capable wash And damage wall cell bacteria. 2. Line Defense Second No Lots microorganisms Which capable pass line defense First. If microorganisms capable pass line this first defense so He will face to face with line defense second. Defense second done by cells phagocytocytes, inflammation, And proteins antimicrobial. Cells phagocytocytes always circulating in tissues, blood vessels and lymph system. After circulating to network, cells phagocytocytes does not return to the blood vessels, but to system lymph. System lymph is something open vascular system. This vessels make node on a number of place like folds thigh, armpit, folds elbow And neck. In place This microbes Which infect body will digested by cell phagocytosis. Phagocytotic cells engulf and digest. a. Phagocytosis (phagocytosis) object foreign Which enter to in body. Phagocytosis done by cell blood white. Types cell blood white Which can do phagocytosis is neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, And cell vessels experience (natural killer, NK). If cell has damaged by microbes so cell the will send signal chemical Which attracts neutrophils to come. Neutrophils will enter network Which infected Then swallow And digest all microbes Which There is. Other types of white blood cells can do phagocytosis is cell monocytes. When something network infected, cell monocytes will go out from channel blood going to network the. Monocyte cells then change become cell macrophage that is cell phagocytosis Which big. Macrophages do its function with stick out foot pseudodia, tie And swallow microbes. In in cell macrophage, microbes Then will digested by enzyme lysosomes. b. Inflammation If microbes has damage network, cells network Which has damaged the Then will send signal. Signal First is histamine Which result inflammation, whereas Which second is interferon Which will alert cells other. 1) Histamine Signal Which given by cell infected will arrested by cell white blood type basophils Which Then will release histamine to network. Histamine cause vessels blood pre-capillary around network grow, whereas vessels vein shrinking. With circumstances thereby tissue becomes swollen or inflamed. Mechanism inflammation And repair network can seen on picture following. Tissue inflammation increases capillary permeability and increase migration cells phagocytocytes from capillary blood to network. Network Which inflamed Also release compound chemokine Which is signal chemical For stimulate cell phagocytosis come network. With the entry of selfagocytic cells into the inflamed tissue, the process occurs repair started. Cells phagocytosis quick will swallow all cell microbes And Also clean network the from compound Which dangerous. Inflammation Also result fever Because cell- cell leukocytes release compound pyrogen. Compound This will stimulate body For raise temperature with thereby increase defense body, hinder the growth of several types of microbes, making it easier phagocytosis, speed up reaction body, And speed up repair network. 2) Interferon Interferon is something material chemistry Specific on each species produced by the affected cells attack virus. Interferon activate cells Which near with cell Which has caught attack virus For standby And getting ready face attack. With exists signal interferon This cell Which has contacted will oppose all attack virus. 3. Proteins Antimicrobial Proteins maintain body with method attack microbes in a way direct or hinder reproduction. Example proteins Which attack microbes in a way direct is lysozyme. Like Which has stated in on, lysozyme result cell microbes become damaged. Besides That, proteins Also used as signal chemotaxis For interesting phagocytosis come network Which attacked.