Lysogenic Cycle

University:
Harrisburg University of Science and Technology
Course:
BIOL 370 | Molecular Biology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

479

Pages:

2
Author:

Marques Townsend

Name Date Basic Concepts Master 26 Class Lysogenic Cycle 2. Provirus Formation Bacteriophage 1. Attachment and Entry Bacterial host chromosome Provirus Nucleic acid 3. Cell Division LYSOGENIC CYCLE LYTIC CYCLE Provirus leaves chromosome Cell lyses, releasing viruses Virus enters lytic cycle Name Date Basic Concepts Worksheet 26 Class Lysogenic Cycle 1. What is the lysogenic cycle? The lysogenic cycle is a method of viral replication in which the viral genome integrates into the host cell's chromosome and becomes dormant. The viral DNA, known as a prophage, replicates along with the host cell's DNA during cell division without causing immediate harm to the host. 2. What is a provirus? A provirus is a viral genome that has integrated into the DNA of a host cell and becomes a permanent part of the host cell's genome. It is characteristic of the lysogenic cycle of viral replication. 3. How are the normal functions of the host affected by the provirus? The normal functions of the host cell are typically unaffected by the provirus during the lysogenic phase. The host cell continues to carry out its regular metabolic activities and cellular functions without any noticeable changes. 4. What happens to the provirus when the host cell reproduces? When the host cell reproduces, the provirus is replicated along with the host cell's DNA. Each daughter cell receives a copy of the provirus, ensuring its persistence in the host cell population. 5. How does the lysogenic cycle change to the lytic cycle? The lysogenic cycle can change to the lytic cycle under certain conditions, such as environmental stress or changes in the host cell's physiology. This activation of the prophage triggers the induction of the lytic cycle, leading to the production of new viral particles and lysis of the host cell. 6. What part of the lysogenic cycle is like the lytic cycle? The integration of the viral genome into the host cell's chromosome during the lysogenic cycle is similar to the initial steps of the lytic cycle, where the virus injects its genetic material into the host cell. 7. What are examples of viruses that go through lysogenic cycles? Examples of viruses that go through lysogenic cycles include bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) such as lambda phage, as well as animal viruses like herpesviruses and retroviruses like HIV.