Practice Questions the Immune System

Practice Questions: a1 1. In some individuals, the immune system attacks substances such as grass pollen that are usually harmless, resulting in a) an allergic reaction b) a form of cancer c) an insulin imbalance d) a mutation C2. Which statement describes a feedback mechanism involving the human pancreas? a) The production of estrogen stimulates the formation of gametes for sexual reproduction. b) The level of oxygen in the blood is related to heart rate. c) The level of sugar in the blood is affected by the amount of insulin in the blood. d) The production of urine allows for excretion of cell waste. 3. A person with AIDS is likely to develop infectious diseases because the virus that causes AIDS a) destroys cancerous cells b) damages the immune system 4. Which statement best describes an immune response? a) It always produces antibiotics. c) increases the rate of antibody production d) increases the rate of microbe destruction b) It usually involves the recognition and destruction of pathogens. c) It stimulates asexual reproduction and resistance in pathogens. d) It releases red blood cells that destroy parasites. 5. What occurs during the digestion of protein? a) Specific enzymes break down proteins into amino acids. b) Specific hormones break down proteins into simple sugars. c) Specific hormones break down proteins into complex starches. d) Specific enzymes break down proteins into simple sugars. 6. Base your answer to the question on the diagram which illustrates a role of hormones. Letter B indicates it to a) ribosomes b) receptor molecules c) tissues d) inorganic substances 7. Many vaccinations stimulate the immune system by exposing a) antibodies b) enzymes c) mutated genes d) weakened microbes 8. To communicate between cells, many multicellular animals use a) nerve signals and respiratory gases b) respiratory gases and hormones 9. Which process requires hydrolytic enzymes? a) ingestion b) egestion Α A Nontarget Cell c) bones and muscles d) nerve signals and hormones c) digestion d) excretion . Base your answer on the diagram and your knowledge of biology. Hormones that regulate the Development of secondary sex Characteristics are produced within a) structures E and G b) structures C and K c) structures Fand J d) structures A and H d A- B DE GHI K 11. In multicellular organisms, cells must be able to communicate with each other. Structures that enable most cells to communicate with each other are known as a) pathogenic agents b) chloroplasts c) antibiotics d) receptor molecules 12. Feedback mechanisms are best described as processes that help a) reduce hormone levels to below normal in the blood b) destroy hormones in the blood c) directly control muscle contraction in the leg d) keep body conditions near a normal, steady state a13. The passage of the end products of digestion into the cells of an organism is an example of a) absorption b) digestion 14. What is represented by the sequence below? c) circulation d) regulation Ingestion of starch Elevated blood sugar levels Secretion of insulin increased Drop in blood sugar levels Secretion of Insulin decreased a) a feedback mechanism in multicellular organisms b) an immune response by cells of the pancreas c) differentiation of organic molecules d) the disruption of cellular communication 15. Select the organ, indicated in the diagram, that is most closely associated with the statement. This organ stores bile. a) structure 2. b) structure 3 c) structure 4 d) structure 5 both 16. One similarity between cell receptors and antibodies is that a) are produced by nerve cells b) are highly specific in their actions c) slow the rates of chemical reactions d) are involved in digestion 17. Which phrase does not describe a way the human body responds to fight disease? a) destruction of infectious agents by white blood cells b) production of antibodies by white blood cells c) increased production of white blood cells d) production of pathogens by white blood cells 18. Certain microbes, foreign tissues, and some cancerous cells can cause immune responses in the human body because all three contain a) antigens b) enzymes c) fats d) cytoplasm C 19. What is a major function of the blood vessel represented in the diagram? a) releasing carbon dioxide into the sweat gland b) transporting oxygen away from the sweat gland c) transporting wastes to the sweat gland d) filtering starch out of the sweat gland a 20. Which statement best describes arteries? a) They have thick walls and transport blood away from the heart. b) They have thick walls and transport blood toward the heart. c) They have thin walls and transport blood away from the heart. d) They have thin walls and transport blood toward the heart. pore epidermis dermis- duct sweat glan blood vesst 21. Humans breathe more rapidly during exercise than before it because during exercise the blood contains a) an increased level of oxygen b) a decreased number of red blood cells c) an increased level of carbon dioxide d) a decreased amount of hemoglobin 22. During a long-distance run on a hot day, an athlete produces large quantities of sweat. As a result, the kidneys change the rate of urine production. Why is this change important? a) Decreased urine production increases the amino acids in the blood. b) Increased urine production removes amino acids produced as a result of running. c) Decreased urine production allows the body to conserve water. d) Increased urine production allows more water to remain in the bloodstream. 23. in humans, certain glands produce chemicals that are distributed by the circulatory system and influence various target organs. These glands are classified as a) intestinal glands b) salivary glands c) gastric glands d) endocrine glands a 24. A characteristic of hormones and enzymes that allows them to work effectively with other organic molecules is their a) specific shape b) small size c) concentration of carbon and hydrogen atoms d) high-energy bonds