Motive
A motive may be defined as the readiness, eagerness, and disposition to respond in certain ways and not in others to a variety of situations.
Concepts of Motivation
Motivation is generated through basic needs or drives.
Motivation is a complex set of conscious or unconscious forces that organize and energize behavior.
The words needs, motives, and drives are words expressing and describing feelings and desires.
Types of Motives
Physiological or Primary Motives
Social or Secondary Motives
1. Physiological or Primary Motives
Hunger motive
Thirst motive
Need for rest and sleep
Need for elimination of waste
Sex motive
2. Social or Secondary Motives
Affiliation motive
Need for status
Need for achievement
Need for approval
Motivation
Internal and External
Conscious and Unconscious
Drives and Needs
Goals and Attitudes
Curiosity and Exploration
Types of Motivation:
Intrinsic Motivation:
Pleasure and satisfaction
Curiosity and exploration
Challenge and mastery
Extrinsic Motivation:
Rewards and punishments
Social recognition
Avoidance of negative consequences
Theories of Motivation:
Drive Reduction Theory:
Biological needs create drives that motivate behavior.
Behavior is directed towards reducing these drives.
Incentive Theory:
External stimuli or rewards motivate behavior.
Incentives pull us towards certain actions.
Hierarchy of Needs:
Maslow's hierarchy proposes that needs are arranged in a hierarchical order.
Lower-level needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs can be met.
Motive
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