Nursing Process for Body Image Disorders

Nursing Process for Body Image Disorders 1. Nursing Assessment a. Predisposing Factors Factors that influence self-image are the emergence of stressors that can disrupt the integrity of self-image. Stressors can be: 1) Surgery: Mastectomy, amputation, surgical wounds all change the selfimage. Likewise corrective actions such as plastic surgery or prostheses. 2) Failure of body function: hemiplegia, blindness, deafness can result in depression, namely not recognizing or being unfamiliar with parts of the body, often related to nerve function. 3) Delusions related to body form and function. Often occur in patients with mental disorders. The patient's prepared appearance and body movements are very different from reality. 4) Dependent on machines. Intensive care patients perceive immobilization as a challenge, as a result it is difficult to get feedback information. The use of intensive care devices is considered a nuisance. b. Precipitation Factor 1) Health-sickness role transition. A shift from mediocrity. Stressors in the body can cause disturbances in self-image and result in changes in self- concept. Body changes can affect all components of self-concept. This transition may be triggered by: - Losing body parts -!Changes in body size, shape, appearance and function -!Physical changes related to normal growth and development -!Medical and nursing procedures 2) Development transition. There are changes in the body related to growth and development, where a person will often feel changes in themselves as they get older. It is not uncommon for someone to respond with negative and positive responses. A person also feels dissatisfaction if they experience body changes that are not ideal. c. Assessment of Stressors A person with body image disorders has his own assessment of stressors or problems/changes in his body that cause a decrease in self-confidence. The face looks tense, avoids eye contact, the forehead is wrinkled, the expression looks serious, speaking hard, it is difficult to smile and laugh are also shown by patients with Body Image Disorders... d. Cooping Source 1) Sports activities and other activities outside the home 2) Hobbies and crafts 3) Expressive art 4) Health and personal care 5) Job, vocation or position 6) Certain talents 7) Intelligence 8) Imagination and Creativity 9) Interpersonal relationships e. Ego Defense Ego defenses used in patients with low self-esteem and body image disorders are: 1)Fantasyis the ability to use existing (owned) responses to create new responses. 2)Dissociationis a patient's response that is not in accordance with the existing stimulus. 3)Isolationthe patient's way of avoiding interaction with the external environment. 4)Projectionis the patient's way of avoiding their own weaknesses and shortcomings by venting them on others. 5)Displacementis diversion by releasing repressed feelings on someone who is less threatening and less likely to cause an emotional reaction. f. Data that needs to be studied Assessment of patients with body image disorders is carried out by means of interviews and observations, with the following description: 1) Objective data that can be observed: a) Changes and lack of body parts, both structure, shape and function, for example loss of leg function due to an accident, or the shape of the body changing due to chemotherapy, etc. b) Hiding/covering the affected part of the body so that it is not visible to other people c) Refusing to see parts of the body that have changed due to loss of function or form and structure d) Social activity decreases with not wanting to take part in usual activities, refusing to take part in activities outside the home and locking oneself up at home. 2) Subjective Data: Subjective data obtained from interview results, patients with body image disorders usually reveal: a) Rejection of: 1) Current limb changes, for example dissatisfaction with the results of the operation.