Early Childhood - Body and Mind Answers Part 6

137 Compared to children who did not attend an intensive early intervention program, longitudinal studies showed that the children who did participate: A. were less likely to need special education and more likely to attend college. B. had higher IQ scores in high school and were more likely to attend college. C. had higher IQ scores in high school but were less likely to attend college. D. had higher math and reading achievement at age 10 and higher IQ scores in high school. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: A 138 Low-income males in Chicago who attended the High/Scope preschool had such long-lasting benefits from the program that for every $1 spent on the program, society saved _____ because as adults, the men avoided incarceration and paid income taxes. A. $2 B. $4 C. $7 D. $12 Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: D 139 The development of the body and brain during early childhood is affected only by biologicallydriven forces. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 140 The body of a 6-year-old child more closely resembles an adult's body than a toddler's body because the child's center of gravity has dropped from the breast to the belly. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 141 By 6 years of age, most children have nearly adult-like proportions; they no longer have the large heads, short limbs, and protruding stomachs that toddlers do. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 142 Many parents fear that their children are not getting enough to eat during early childhood, which can contribute to childhood obesity. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 143 A child's appetite increases between the ages of 2 and 6. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 144 A nutritional problem in early childhood is an insufficient intake of iron, zinc, and calcium. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 145 By the age of 6, the rigidity of the “just right” stage of development tends to fade. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 146 Failure to brush the teeth is the primary cause of early tooth decay. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 147 Too much sugar and too little fiber cause tooth decay in childhood. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 148 High exposure to lead reduces intelligence and increases behavior problems in young children. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 149 Compared to older children, children between the ages of 2 and 6 years old have a lower risk for premature death due to injuries. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 150 The word “accident” implies that an injury is random, an unpredictable event. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 151 Drowning is a leading cause of unintentional death for children between the ages of 1 and 4 in the United States. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 152 Secondary prevention reduces the danger of high-risk situations. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 153 Tertiary prevention reduces damage after an accident. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 154 Primary prevention reduces the damage after an accident. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 155 By the age of 6 years, the brain has attained about half of its adult weight. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 156 The 2-year-old brain has attained about 75 percent of its adult weight. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 157 Research found that 2-year-old humans have similar intellectual abilities as orangutans and chimpanzees. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 158 The prefrontal cortex is considered the executive of the brain because planning and prioritizing occur there. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 159 The part of the brain that specializes in planning and prioritizing is the cerebellum. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 160 Myelination is essential for basic communication between neurons. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 161 Impulsiveness and perseveration are opposite behaviors with the same underlying cause. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 162 Perseveration is the tendency to continue an activity even when it has become inappropriate to do so. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 163 The corpus callosum connects the hemispheres of the brain. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 164 The left side of the brain controls the right side of the body. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 165 Eduardo is a natural-born musician with the ability to pick up and play nearly any musical instrument. His musical talent is controlled by the left side of his brain. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 166 The right hemisphere of the brain is where language abilities are located in most people. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 167 The amygdala registers emotions. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 168 The hippocampus is a central processor of memory, especially with regard to locations. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 169 A preschooler's approach to the world is control more by his or her own subjective views of the world than by reality. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 170 Preoperational thought involves magical, self-centered imagination rather than logic. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 171 Egocentrism is Piaget's terminology for a particular type of centration, in which the child thinks about the world from his own personal perspective. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 172 Centration is an obstacle to developing logical operations. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 173 The preoperational child is incapable of understanding reversibility. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: True 174 Conservation refers to a child's assumption that the world is unchanging. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False 175 For a long time, developmentalists such as Piaget overestimated children's thinking skills. True False Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: False