University:
Sam Houston State University
Course:
BIOL 1406 | General Biology I
Academic year:

2020
Views:

232

Pages:

10
Author:

SpaceCadet101

Feed Nutrients . Objectives Identify sources of nutrients and classes of feeds related to the ruminant and non-ruminant animals Describe sources of nutrients and classes of feeds related to the ruminant and non-ruminant animals Objectives: – Identify major functions of basic nutrient groups and feeds that are sources for each. Nutrients A chemical element or compound that aids in the support of life. Necessary for cells to live, grow, and function properly. Many needed and must be in the proper balance Lack of one or more nutrients will slow growth 5 Groups of Nutrients Energy Nutrients (carbohydrates, fats, and oils) Proteins Vitamins Minerals Water Energy Nutrients Carbohydrates Main energy function Made up of sugars, starches, cellulose, and lignin Chemically composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Energy powers muscular movement Produce body heat Extra Carbs are stored as fat Simple and Complex Carbohydrates Simple Sugars and Starches Referred as nitrogen free extract (nfe) Come from cereal grains (corn, etc) Complex Cellulose and lignin Called Fiber More difficult to digest Found mostly in roughages (hay, grass) Fiber Content of Feeds Simple stomached animals can not digest large amounts of fiber, and their ration must be made up of mostly cereal grains. Ruminant animals can eat large amounts of fiber, and a high percentage of their ration is roughage Energy Nutrients Fats and Oils Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but contain more carbon and hydrogen atoms than carbohydrates For this reason fats have 2.25 times as much energy value than carbohydrates Fats are solid at body temperature Oils are liquid at body temperature Fats and Oils They are easily digested in the animal Provide energy and body heat Carry fat-soluble vitamins Come from both vegetable and animal sources Vegetable fat ranges from 1.8 to 4.4 % Animal fat ranges from 1 to 10.6 %