University:
Sam Houston State University
Course:
BIOL 1406 | General Biology I
Academic year:

2022
Views:

446

Pages:

14
Author:

Clint W.

CONDON/ANTICODON The 3 bases of an anticodon are complementary to the 3 bases of a codon Example: Codon ACU Anticodon UGA ORDER OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS EUKARYOTIC CELL  The production or synthesis of polypeptide chains (proteins)  Two phases: Transcription & Translation  mRNA must be processed before it leaves the nucleus of eukaryotic cells TRANSCRIPTION The process of copying the sequence of one strand of DNA, the template strand mRNA copies the template strand Requires the enzyme RNA Polymerase QUESTION  What would be the complementary RNA strand for the following DNA sequence? DNA 5’-GCGTATG-3’ ANSWER DNA 5’-GCGTATG-3’ RNA 3’-CGCAUAC-5’ TRANSCRIPTION During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands RNA Polymerase then uses one strand of DNA as a template to assemble nucleotides into RNA Promoters are regions on DNA that show where RNA Polymerase must bind to begin the Transcription of RNA Called the TATA box Specific base sequences act as signals to stop Called the termination signal RNA POLYMERASE MRNA  Processing  After the DNA is transcribed into RNA, editing must be done to the nucleotide chain to make the RNA functional  Introns, non-functional segments of DNA are snipped out of the chain  Editing  Exons, segments of DNA that code for proteins, are then rejoined by the enzyme ligase  A guanine triphosphate cap is added to the 5” end of the newly copied mRNA  A poly A tail is added to the 3’ end of the RNA  The newly processed mRNA can then leave the nucleus MRNA TRANSCRIPT MRNA TRANSCRIPT  mRNA leaves the nucleus through its pores and goes to the ribosomes TRANSLATION Translation is the process of decoding the mRNA into a polypeptide chain Ribosomes read mRNA three bases or 1 codon at a time and construct the proteins A PROTEIN The end products of protein synthesis is a primary structure of a protein A sequence of amino acid bonded together by peptide bonds