Genetics Terms Cheat Sheet - Edubirdie

University:
Sam Houston State University
Course:
BIOL 1406 | General Biology I
Academic year:

2020
Views:

269

Pages:

1
Author:

SpaceCadet101

Genetics - the science of heredity and variation Heredity - process which brings about the differences and similarities between parents and offspring; sum of qualities genetically derived from one’s parents Allele - one of a pair of genes that occupy the same location on homologous chromosomes and affect the same trait in animals Diploid - refers to paired chromosomes in body cells Gametes - male or female reproductive cells Genes - the smallest unit of inheritance; a portion of a DNA molecule, occur in pairs on chromosomes in the nucleus of every cell Haploid - refers to the number of chromosomes in a sex cell which is half of the original number Heritability - proportion of observed variation in a particular trait which can be inherited due to genetic factors Homologous - alike or equal X Chromosome - female chromosome Y Chromosome - male Chromosome Genotype - the genetic makeup of an animal that is not affected by the environment Phenotype - the actual physical appearance of an organism that is the combination of the organism’s genotype and the environment

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