Practical 1 Introduction to the Laboratory and Equipment in the Pharmaceutical Laboratory TYPES OF PHARMACY LABORATORY EQUIPMENT Before the practicum begins, you must prepare and bring the equipment needed for the practicum. You are not allowed to borrow tools from other friends because it will interfere with the smooth running of the practicum. The equipment you must bring includes: 1. Two-sheet napkin; 2. 1 set of weights; 3. Practical clothes/laboratory coats; 4. Horn spoon; 5. Parchment paper; 6. Tweezers; 7. Two spatulas; 8. Scissors; 9. Tower; 10. Bottles of various sizes 50cc, 100cc, 150cc; 11. Box of tabor powder; 12. 100cc and 250cc plastic pots; 13. Ballpoint; 14. Journal book; 15. Photocopy of pediatric and adult dosage list according to FI III; 16. MIMS Books; 17. Calculator; 18. Pipette; 29. Glue. EQUIPMENT THAT SHOULD BE AVAILABLE IN A BASIC PHARMACY LABORATORY Equipment that must be available includes 3. Practice table 4. Mortar / mortar 5. Stamper / pestle 6. Beaker glass 50,100,250 cc 7. Erlenmeyer 100, 250 cc 8. Measuring cups 10, 25, 50, 100 cc 9. Porcelain cup 10. Watch glass 11. Glass funnel 12. Stirring rod 13. Water baths 14. Pan 15. Tablet medicine cabinet, solid raw materials, liquid, narcotics cabinet. Examples of images of some of the equipment needed for drug compounding practical activities: 1. Morter and stamper (mortar and pestle) Mortar and stamper are used to:  grind and mix powder in making powder;  mix the active ingredients and ointment base;  Make emulsions and suspensions;  Dissolve the ingredients that require grinding first. 2. Water bath.  A heating device using water vapor. This tool is usually used to dilute the ointment base. 3.Glass beaker  Glass beakers come in various sizes and are useful for dissolving ingredients with the help of a stirrer. 4. Erlenmeyer  Erlenmeyer is available in various sizes, used to dissolve materials. 5. Poselain cup  Poselen cups are useful for weighing liquid medicinal ingredients, or containers for diluting ointment base/evaporating liquids over a water bath. 6. Funnel  Funnels are used to help pour liquid into bottles, or to help filter using filter paper. 7. Measuring cup  Measuring cups are used to measure solvents/liquid drug volumes. 8. Pipette  Pipettes are used to transfer/take liquids in drops/small quantities, such as satsiri oil. STANDARD BOOKS IN PHARMACY LABORATORIES For the smooth running of the practicum in the Basic Pharmacy laboratory, the following books must be available: 4. The Extra Pharmacopeae Martindale 29th edition 5. Formulary Medicamentum Selectum (FMS). 6. National Formulary (Fornas) 7. Indonesian Formulary (FI). 8. Pharmacology and Therapy. WEIGHING PROCEDURES 1. Check whether all components of the scale/balance are complete and in their proper place by matching the numbers on the components. 2. Check that the scale is parallel or even, you can see that the position of the earring needle and the earring base must be correct. If it is not correct, adjust the scale adjustment knob. 3. Check whether the knife is positioned upright in place. If so, the support lever is rotated until the scale is lifted and you will see whether the plate is balanced or one-sided. If it is not balanced, we can turn the nut left or right according to the balance until the balance is balanced. 4. Place parchment paper on top of the two weighing plates, then see whether the balance is balanced or biased. If it is not balanced, do this by adding a little paper or stone to one of the weighing plates until the balance becomes balanced. Towers with weights are not permitted. Next, weighing the ingredients or medication can begin. 5. The material base or material container for weighing must first be equalized. 6. How to weigh ingredients or medicine: a. Solid ingredients (powder, wax): weighed on parchment. The ingredients are required to be sifted, weighing the ingredients is carried out after sifting them first. b. Semi-solid ingredients (vaseline, adeps, lanae): weighed on parchment paper or evaporating cup. c. Liquid ingredients: weighed on a watch glass, evaporator cup, or directly in a container bottle. d. Thick liquid ingredients: 1. Extr.Belladone, Extr.Hyosiami: weighed on parchment paper. 2. Ichtyol: weighed on parchment paper previously moistened with liquid paraffin or vaseline. e. Oxidizing agents (KMnO4, Iodine, Argenti nitras), are weighed in a weighing glass or watch glass that can be closed. f. Materials weighing less than 50 mg are diluted. 7. The material being weighed is placed on the right-hand scale and the weights are placed on the lefthand scale 8. Medicinal substances weighing more than 1 g should be weighed on a gram scale, while those weighing less than 1 g should be weighed on a milligram scale. 9. After finishing weighing, the medicinal materials are put into a container (mortar, beaker glass, measuring flask or other) to be ready for use. Meanwhile, the bottle containing the medicinal ingredients is immediately returned to its original place. Do not take medication if it has not been taken. 10. Immediately record the weighing you do.