University:
University of North Carolina Wilmington
Course:
PSY 105 | General Psychology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

108

Pages:

2
Author:

Jithin J I

LONG-TERM MEMORY AND MEMORY PROCESSES I. Understanding Long-Term Memory 1. Long-Term Memory Overview  Long-term memory stores information permanently.  Information based on experiences, facts, language, or insights.  Primary function: provides information for decision making, behavioral control, and evaluation. 2. Types of Long-Term Memory   Declarative Memory (Explicit Memory):  Accessible consciously.  Can be verbalized or visualized.  Subtypes: Episodic (context-specific), Semantic (general knowledge), and Autobiographic (personal experiences). world Non-Declarative Memory (Implicit Memory):  Independent of conscious access.  Controls behavior unconsciously.  Includes habituation, sensitization, classical conditioning, perceptual representation, and procedural memory. II. Memory Processes 1. Procedural Approach to Memory  Focuses on individual memory processes.  Five phases: Encoding, Retention, Consolidation, Recall, and Forgetting.  Three key aspects in information processing: hierarchy, modality-specificity, and cascading. 2. Memory Process Phases  Encoding: Initial input of information.  Retention: Holding and storing information over time.  Consolidation: The process of making a memory stable and resistant to interference.  Recall: Retrieving stored information.  Forgetting: Loss of stored information over time. III. Key Takeaways  Long-term memory is a permanent storage system for various types of information.  Declarative memory allows conscious access, while non-declarative memory controls behavior unconsciously.  Memory processes involve encoding, retention, consolidation, recall, and forgetting.  Information processing occurs hierarchically, is modality-specific initially, and is cascaded across processes.