Cell Transport AnswerKey

Cell Transport Webquest Task 1: Inside the Cell Membrane Video Use any link below to watch the Inside the Cell Membrane video by the Amoeba Sisters. As you watch, answer the following questions. 1. What does the term semi-permeable mean? It means that some materials can move through the membrane, but other materials cannot move through the membrane. 2. True or False? - All types of cells have a cell membrane. True Polar head 3. Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophilic? 4. What does the term hydrophilic mean? Likes water 5. Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic? Non-polar tails 6. What does the term hydrophobic mean? Does not like water 7. What is the significance of the fluid nature of the fluid mosaic model? It gives the cell membrane flexibility 8. What is the role of cholesterol in a phospholipid bilayer? Cholesterol keeps the phospholipids from becoming to close in cool temperatures and too far away from each other in warm temperatures 9. Where are peripheral proteins found? Outside on the membrane 10. Where are integral proteins found? Within the phospholipid bilayer 11. Which type of protein allows materials in and out of the cell? Integral proteins 12. Why the roles of glycoproteins and glycolipids? Can identify the cell as belonging to a certain organism and cell signaling 13. Label the phospholipid tail, phospholipid head, and the protein in Head Protein the diagram. Is the protein shown in the diagram a peripheral protein or integral protein? How do you know? Integral protein because it is found inside the phospholipid Tails bilayer. 14. Why are the heads of the phospholipid bilayer located on the They are hydrophilic and polar outside of the membrane? Task 2: Cell Membrane Interactive Use any link below to complete the Cell Membrane: Just Passing Through interactive activity on the PBS Learning Media website. Click on the names of the parts of this interactive to learn more about each one. 15. What is the role of the ion channel? To allow ions to pass through the cell membrane 16. What is the role of the protein pump? To use energy released within the cell to force substances through the cell membrane 17. What is the role of the aquaporin? To allow water to pass through the cell membrane 18. How does oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the cell membrane? Through the phospholipid bilayer 19. How does potassium move across the cell membrane? Through the ion channel 20. How does sodium move across the cell membrane? Through the protein pump 21. In what two ways does water move across the cell membrane? Through the phospholipid bilayer and the aquaporin 22. What is the name of the process where enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and other substances are exported out the cell? Exocytosis Task 3: Cell Transport Video Use any link below to watch the Active versus Passive Transport video by BOGO Biology. As you watch, answer the questions and fill in the table below. 23. What 2 characteristics determine how a substance will travel across the membrane? Polarity and Size EXAMPLE 24. Diffusion PASSIVE TRANSPORT ACTIVE TRANSPORT DESCRIBE PROTEIN FLOW CHANNEL Passive transport of substances from NO High → Low a high to low concentration ATP NO 25. Facilitated Diffusion Passive transport of substances through a protein channel from a high to low concentration YES High → Low NO 26. Pumping Active transport of substances through a protein channel YES BOTH YES 27. Endocytosis Active transport of substances through a vesicle formed in the cell membrane into the cell Active transport of substances through a vesicle formed in the cell membrane to outside the cell. NO BOTH YES NO BOTH YES 28. Exocytosis Task 4: Cell Membrane & Cell Transport Game Use any link below to complete the Cell Defense: The Plasma Membrane game on the BioMan Bio website. Click Start a New Game. Follow the directions and answer the questions below to complete the game. Click Build a Membrane! Read ALL screens to complete this activity. 29. What is another name for a cell membrane? Plasma membrane 30. Why would cells die without a membrane? They will be unable to maintain homeostasis 31. Why do phospholipids make a phospholipid bilayer with the heads facing out towards water and the tails facing each other? The heads are hydrophilic (water loving) and the tails are hydrophobic (water fearing) 32. Repair the phospholipid membrane. How many phospholipids did it take? 8 33. What does cholesterol help to do? They stabilize the membrane so that it is not to fluid or solid 34. How many cholesterol molecules did you need to stabilize the membrane? 4 35. Why is it important that the membrane is selectively permeable? It can regulate what enters and leaves the cell to maintain homeostasis 36. Why do carbon dioxide and oxygen easily pass through the cell membrane? They are nonpolar 37. What molecules cannot easily pass through the cell membrane? Ions and Glucose 38. Insert channel proteins into the cell membrane and observe. Why were substances transported up until there were equal amounts on both side of the membrane? Substances move from a high to low concentration 39. What does a cell have to do to move a substance from an area of low concentration to an area with high concentration? Use energy to pump the substances against its concentration gradient. 40. What is the name of the process that uses carrier proteins and ATP to transport materials against the concentration gradient? Active Transport 41. Insert the carrier proteins and click the ATP to allow the ions to move across. What is ATP? Cell energy 42. Why do cells have different membrane carbohydrates? To do different jobs and organize themselves 43. How does the immune system use carbohydrates? To recognize that cells belong to the correct organism and they are not viruses, bacteria, or other foreign cells attacking a body 44. Insert the glycoproteins. How many did you use? 2 45. Click Membrane Structure Challenge. Which molecule stabilizes the membrane? Cholesterol 46. Which substance completes passive transport and facilitated diffusion? Channel Protein 47. Which substance completes active transport? Carrier Protein 48. Do the negative ions or positive ions complete facilitated diffusion? Negative Ions 49. What do the positive ions need to complete active transport? ATP 50. Click Diffusion Challenge. When has a cell reached dynamic equilibrium? When the molecules have diffused and are equally concentrated on both sides of the membrane 51. How many carbon dioxide and oxygen molecules did you have to move to reach equilibrium? 5 52. What is the passive movement of particles from a higher to lower concentration called? Diffusion 53. If the concentration of oxygen in a body tissue is 5% and the concentration of oxygen in the blood surrounding the cell is 10%, which direction will the oxygen diffuse? Into the body tissue 54. Click Energy and Transport Challenge. What is your mission? Transport 10 sugar molecules across the membrane using minimal ATP 55. How many ATP did you use your first trial? Usually 10 56. How can you use less ATP? Use passive transport until equilibrium is met and then use ATP to do active transport. 57. Click Osmosis Challenge. What is osmosis? The diffusion of water across the membrane from higher to lower concentration 58. Compare the amount of solute to identify the correct term. Hypertonic = Higher in solute Hypotonic = Lower in solute Isotonic = Equal in solute 59. What is the name of the protein that allows water to pass through the membrane? Aquaporin 60. Is osmosis active or passive transport? Passive transport 61. Click Score Sheet. Write your scores in the spaces below. Your teacher may require you to take a screenshot of your scores. • Lab Score • Number Correct • Number Incorrect Task 5: Conclusion – No Internet Required Active transport required 62. Explain the differences between active transport and passive transport. ATP energy to move substances across the cell membrane from areas of high to low or areas of low to high concentration. Passive transport can move materials from high to low concentration without the use of energy. 63. What happens when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution? The cell will shrink because it loses water because the water will leave from a higher to lower concentration 64. What happens when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution? The cell will swell up because water will enter from the outside from a higher to lower concentration 65. What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis and are these processes an active or passive form of cell transport? Endocytosis is when substances are taken into the cell through a pocket-like vesicle formed within the cell membrane, while exocytosis is when substances are removed to outside the cell through a vesicle formed from the cell membrane. They are both forms of active transport.