University:
University of Wolverhampton
Course:
4PY019 | Pharmacy
Academic year:

2024
Views:

72

Pages:

2
Author:

Sara

Type of muscles Cardiac, smooth and skeletal Function of cardiac muscles Heart contraction Function of smooth muscle propels substances along internal passageways function of skeletal muscle movement, heat, posture Structures in skeletal muscles Epimysium, Perimysium, Fasicles, Endomysium, Muscle fibres, Myofibrils, sacromere and tendons Epimysium Outer connective tissue that surrounds the whole muscle Perimysium Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle Fasicle Bundles of muscle fibres Endomysium Connective tissue surrounding a muscle fibre Muscle fibres made of bundles of myofibrils in skeletal muscle Myofibrils contain sarcomeres Sacromere Made of overlapping actin and myosin fibres Tendons Connect muscle to bone How do muscles contract actin and myosin slide past each other Muscle spindle Monitor change in muscle length Golgi tendon organs Monitor force of muscle contraction types of isotonic contractions concentric and eccentric Concentric contraction muscle shortens eccentric contraction muscle lengthens isometric contraction Muscle contracts but there is no movement, muscle stays the same length Grade 1 strain stretching of tissues Grade 2 strain Stretching and tearing of tissues 1/2 Grade 3 Strain Complete tearing of tissues Avulsion fracture When a fragment of bone is pulled away Inflammatory phase Haematoma formation, tissue necrosis and inflammatory reaction Regeneration phase Phagocytosis of damaged tissues and production of connective scar tissue Muscles fibres regenerate by differentiating into myoblasts remodeling phase Maturation of regenerated muscle cells contraction and reorganisation of scar tissue How age affects skeletal muscles Loss of skeletal muscle as it is replaced by connective tissue around 30-50 sacropenia Loss of mass and function of muscles 2/2