Microbe Evolution & Cell Structures - Edubirdie

University:
University of Wolverhampton
Course:
4PY019 | Pharmacy
Academic year:

2024
Views:

347

Pages:

2
Author:

Sara

Ribosomal RNA Used for analyzing evolutionary relationships between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Archaeobacteria One of the two distinct groups of prokaryotic cells before the nucleus Eubacteria One of the two distinct groups of prokaryotic cells before the nucleus Virus Acellular entity relying on host cells for replication Prokaryotic Cells Simple and small cells without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles Eukaryotic Cells Cells with a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Gram Staining A technique to differentiate bacterial cell walls based on their ability to retain a purple color Peptidoglycan A sugar and amino acid composition providing rigidity to bacterial cell walls Chitin A component of fungal cell walls Mitochondrion Organelle responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells Gram-Positive Bacteria Bacteria with a thick peptidoglycan cell wall retaining a purple color in Gram staining Gram-Negative Bacteria Bacteria with a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer lipopolysaccharide membrane Lysozyme Enzyme attacking peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls Cytoplasmic Membrane Thin barrier separating the inside and outside of a cell Ribosomes Intracellular structures involved in protein synthesis 1/2 Flagella Filamentous protein structures facilitating bacterial motility Fimbriae Short, hair-like structures enabling bacterial adhesion to surfaces Pili Longer structures involved in genetic exchange and adhesion of pathogens Capsules Thick structures excluding small particles and aiding in bacterial attachment Slime Layers Easily deformed layers aiding in attachment and resistance to drying out Antibiotic Targets Specific cellular components targeted by antibiotics for treatment 2/2

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